Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Int J Hyperthermia. 2009 Nov;25(7):554-65. doi: 10.3109/02656730903124506.
A water bolus used in superficial hyperthermia couples the electromagnetic (EM) or acoustic energy into the target tissue and cools the tissue surface to minimise thermal hotspots and patient discomfort during treatment. Parametric analyses of the fluid pressure inside the bolus computed using 3D fluid dynamics simulations are used in this study to determine a bolus design with improved flow and surface temperature distributions for large area superficial heat applicators. The simulation results are used in the design and fabrication of a 19 x 32 cm prototype bolus with dual input-dual output (DIDO) flow channels. Sequential thermal images of the bolus surface temperature recorded for a step change in the circulating water temperature are used to assess steady state flow and surface temperature distributions across the bolus. Modelling and measurement data indicate substantial improvement in bolus flow and surface temperature distributions when changing from the previous single input-single output (SISO) to DIDO configuration. Temperature variation across the bolus at steady state was measured to be less than 0.8 degrees C for the DIDO bolus compared to 1.5 degrees C for the SISO water bolus. The new DIDO bolus configuration maintains a nearly uniform flow distribution and low variation in surface temperature over a large area typically treated in superficial hyperthermia.
水囊在表浅加热中用于将电磁（EM）或声能耦合到靶组织中，并在治疗过程中冷却组织表面，以最小化热热点和患者不适。本研究使用三维流体动力学模拟计算水囊中流体压力的参数分析，以确定具有改进的流动和表面温度分布的水囊设计，用于大面积表浅热应用器。模拟结果用于设计和制造具有双输入-双输出（DIDO）流道的 19 x 32 厘米原型水囊。用于评估稳态流动和水囊表面温度分布的循环水温度阶跃变化记录的水囊表面温度顺序热图像。从以前的单输入-单输出（SISO）到 DIDO 配置的变化表明水囊流动和表面温度分布有了很大的改善。在稳态下，DIDO 水囊的温度变化小于 0.8°C，而 SISO 水囊的温度变化为 1.5°C。新的 DIDO 水囊配置在表浅加热中通常治疗的大面积上保持几乎均匀的流动分布和表面温度的低变化。
