Department of Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Jul;18(7):1423-8. doi: 10.1038/oby.2009.365. Epub 2009 Oct 22.
This study examined weight status during adolescence and young adulthood, and young adult health condition diagnosis. Data are from 10,439 African-American, Hispanic, and white men and women participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health during Waves 1 (adolescence: ages 12-19) and 3 (young adulthood: ages 19-26). Categories were created differentiating individuals based on their weight status during adolescence and young adulthood: (i) obese during adolescence and young adulthood (i.e., continuously obese), (ii) obese during adolescence only, (iii) obese during young adulthood only, and (iv) never obese. Multilevel random intercept regression models were used to examine the impact of obesity category, sex, and race/ethnicity on young adult asthma, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Continuous obesity increased the likelihood for young adult disease and health risk conditions compared to individuals who were never obese. Obesity isolated to adolescence (Wave 1) increased the likelihood for high cholesterol and high blood pressure, whereas obesity isolated to young adulthood (Wave 3) also increased the likelihood for diabetes--all increases were relative to nonobese weight status during both periods. Associations varied in direction and degree when sex and race/ethnicity were considered. Findings clarify some of the mixed understandings regarding the associations between age of onset and stability of obesity, and health outcomes with important public health implications. Although results indicate obesity isolated to a single developmental period does have health repercussions, obesity experienced continuously during adolescence and young adulthood greatly intensified risk across all health conditions.
这项研究考察了青少年和成年早期的体重状况，以及成年早期的健康状况诊断。数据来自于 10439 名非裔美国人、西班牙裔和白人男性和女性，他们参加了国家青少年健康纵向研究的第 1 波（青少年：12-19 岁）和第 3 波（成年早期：19-26 岁）。根据他们在青少年和成年早期的体重状况，创建了不同的类别：（i）青少年和成年早期都肥胖（即持续肥胖），（ii）青少年时期肥胖，（iii）成年早期肥胖，（iv）从未肥胖。多水平随机截距回归模型用于研究肥胖类别、性别和种族/民族对成年早期哮喘、糖尿病、高胆固醇和高血压的影响。与从未肥胖的个体相比，持续肥胖增加了成年早期疾病和健康风险的可能性。青春期（第 1 波）的肥胖增加了高胆固醇和高血压的可能性，而成年早期（第 3 波）的肥胖也增加了糖尿病的可能性——所有这些增加都与两个时期的非肥胖体重状况有关。当考虑到性别和种族/民族时，关联在方向和程度上有所不同。研究结果澄清了一些关于肥胖发病年龄和稳定性与健康结果之间关联的混合理解，具有重要的公共卫生意义。尽管结果表明，肥胖仅在单一发育时期发生确实会对健康产生影响，但在青少年和成年早期持续肥胖会大大加剧所有健康状况的风险。
