Malta Deborah Carvalho, Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros, da Silva Marta Maria Alves, Macário Eduardo Marques
Coordenação Geral de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF.
Cien Saude Colet. 2009 Sep-Oct;14(5):1669-79. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232009000500008.
External causes occupy a high position in the morbidity and mortality profile of youth and children in Brazil, configuring an important public health problem and demanding the deepening of the studies on its characteristics and magnitude. This article describes the profile of emergency care for accidents suffered by children (< 10 years of age) seen at emergency public in some services in Brazil in 2006 and 2007. The data were obtained from survey surveillance component of the Sentinel Service Surveillance System for Violence and Accidents (VIVA), of the Ministry of Health. Children represented about 20% of emergency visits by accidents, with male sex predominance and pre scholars' (2-5 years of age). The greater proportion of accidents (60%) occurred in the household, followed by public ways, school, leisure and sport practice places. Falls and burns had greater participation in the younger age group (< 1), while transport accidents and other types of accidents presented greater frequency among children age 2 to 5. It is necessary to develop education programs since pre school and along the community, aiming of warning about risks and the need of adopt safe behavior in relation to the household environment and the development phase of the child.
在巴西，外部原因在青少年和儿童的发病率和死亡率中占很高比例，构成了一个重要的公共卫生问题，需要深入研究其特征和规模。本文描述了2006年和2007年在巴西一些公共急诊服务机构中，10岁以下儿童事故急诊护理的情况。数据来自卫生部暴力与事故哨点服务监测系统（VIVA）的调查监测部分。儿童约占事故急诊就诊人数的20%，男性居多，以学龄前儿童（2至5岁）为主。事故发生率最高的比例（60%）发生在家中，其次是公共道路、学校、休闲和体育活动场所。跌倒和烧伤在1岁以下年龄组中占比更大，而交通事故和其他类型的事故在2至5岁儿童中更为频繁。有必要从学前阶段开始并在整个社区开展教育项目，旨在就家庭环境和儿童发育阶段的风险以及采取安全行为的必要性进行警示。
