Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave., Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada.
Arch Sex Behav. 2010 Apr;39(2):278-91. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9560-0.
Vaginal spasm has been considered the defining diagnostic characteristic of vaginismus for approximately 150 years. This remarkable consensus, based primarily on expert clinical opinion, is preserved in the DSM-IV-TR. The available empirical research, however, does not support this definition nor does it support the validity of the DSM-IV-TR distinction between vaginismus and dyspareunia. The small body of research concerning other possible ways or methods of diagnosing vaginismus is critically reviewed. Based on this review, it is proposed that the diagnoses of vaginismus and dyspareunia be collapsed into a single diagnostic entity called "genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder." This diagnostic category is defined according to the following five dimensions: percentage success of vaginal penetration; pain with vaginal penetration; fear of vaginal penetration or of genito-pelvic pain during vaginal penetration; pelvic floor muscle dysfunction; medical co-morbidity.
阴道痉挛被认为是阴道痉挛的定义性诊断特征已有大约 150 年。这种显著的共识主要基于专家临床意见,在 DSM-IV-TR 中得到保留。然而,现有的实证研究既不支持这一定义,也不支持 DSM-IV-TR 区分阴道痉挛和性交困难的有效性。对其他可能的诊断阴道痉挛的方法或方法的少量研究进行了批判性审查。基于这一审查,建议将阴道痉挛和性交困难的诊断合并为一个单一的诊断实体,称为“生殖器-骨盆疼痛/插入障碍”。该诊断类别根据以下五个维度进行定义:阴道插入的成功百分比;阴道插入时的疼痛;对阴道插入或阴道骨盆疼痛的恐惧;盆底肌肉功能障碍;医学合并症。