Brown C J, Ballabio A, Rupert J L, Lafreniere R G, Grompe M, Tonlorenzi R, Willard H F
Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305.
Nature. 1991 Jan 3;349(6304):38-44. doi: 10.1038/349038a0.
X-chromosome inactivation results in the cis-limited dosage compensation of genes on one of the pair of X chromosomes in mammalian females. Although most X-linked genes are believed to be subject to inactivation, several are known to be expressed from both active and inactive X chromosomes. Here we describe an X-linked gene with a novel expression pattern--transcripts are detected only from the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and not from the active X chromosome (Xa). This gene, called XIST (for Xi-specific transcripts), is a candidate for a gene either involved in or uniquely influenced by the process of X inactivation.
X染色体失活导致哺乳动物雌性中一对X染色体之一上的基因进行顺式受限剂量补偿。尽管大多数X连锁基因被认为会发生失活，但已知有几个基因可从活性和非活性X染色体上都表达。在此，我们描述了一个具有新颖表达模式的X连锁基因——转录本仅从非活性X染色体（Xi）上检测到，而不从活性X染色体（Xa）上检测到。这个基因称为XIST（Xi特异性转录本），它是一个要么参与X失活过程，要么受到该过程独特影响的基因的候选者。
