Department of Biology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2009 Nov;27(4):1003-1013. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2009.06.001.
There is no single definition of pharmacoresistant (intractable, refractory) epilepsy. Prospective identification of pharmacoresistance is complicated by the variability of its appearance across different types of epilepsy and the variability of seizure control within a given patient over time. Failure of informative trials of two appropriate antiepileptic drugs has been recommended as a threshold that should trigger referral for evaluation at a comprehensive epilepsy center. Maximizing seizure control is imperative for reducing the risks and consequences of epilepsy, including the cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities and even sudden death.
耐药性（难治性、顽固性）癫痫尚无明确的定义。耐药性出现的表现形式在不同类型的癫痫中存在差异，且在同一患者中随时间的推移其癫痫发作控制情况也存在差异，因此前瞻性确定耐药性较为复杂。建议将两种合适抗癫痫药物的信息性试验失败作为触发因素，以促使患者转诊到综合癫痫中心进行评估。最大限度地控制癫痫发作对于降低癫痫的风险和后果至关重要，包括认知和精神共病，甚至猝死。
