National Centre for Health Information Research and Training, School of Public Health, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove 4059, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Child Abuse Negl. 2009 Nov;33(11):791-808. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.08.005. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
The objectives of this article are to explore the extent to which the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) has been used in child abuse research, to describe how the ICD system has been applied, and to assess factors affecting the reliability of ICD coded data in child abuse research.
PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were searched for peer reviewed articles written since 1989 that used ICD as the classification system to identify cases and research child abuse using health databases. Snowballing strategies were also employed by searching the bibliographies of retrieved references to identify relevant associated articles. The papers identified through the search were independently screened by two authors for inclusion, resulting in 47 studies selected for the review. Due to heterogeneity of studies meta-analysis was not performed.
This paper highlights both utility and limitations of ICD coded data. ICD codes have been widely used to conduct research into child maltreatment in health data systems. The codes appear to be used primarily to determine child maltreatment patterns within identified diagnoses or to identify child maltreatment cases for research.
A significant impediment to the use of ICD codes in child maltreatment research is the under ascertainment of child maltreatment by using coded data alone. This is most clearly identified and, to some degree, quantified, in research where data linkage is used.
The importance of improved child maltreatment identification will assist in identifying risk factors and creating programs that can prevent and treat child maltreatment and assist in meeting reporting obligations under the CRC.
本文旨在探讨《国际疾病分类》（ICD）在儿童虐待研究中的应用程度，描述 ICD 系统的应用方式，并评估影响 ICD 编码数据在儿童虐待研究中可靠性的因素。
检索了自 1989 年以来发表的使用 ICD 作为分类系统的同行评议文章，这些文章使用健康数据库来识别病例并研究儿童虐待。还采用了滚雪球策略，通过检索参考文献的参考文献来确定相关的关联文章。通过搜索确定的论文由两位作者独立筛选是否纳入，最终有 47 项研究被选中进行综述。由于研究之间存在异质性，因此未进行荟萃分析。
本文强调了 ICD 编码数据的实用性和局限性。ICD 代码已广泛用于健康数据系统中对儿童虐待的研究。这些代码似乎主要用于确定特定诊断中的儿童虐待模式，或识别儿童虐待病例进行研究。
仅使用编码数据确定儿童虐待情况存在明显不足，这是 ICD 编码在儿童虐待研究中的一个重大障碍。在使用数据链接的研究中，这一问题最为明显，在某种程度上也可以量化。
提高儿童虐待识别的重要性将有助于确定风险因素，并制定可以预防和治疗儿童虐待的计划，并有助于履行《儿童权利公约》下的报告义务。
