使无家可归者人性化：接触会消除刻板印象吗？

Humanizing the homeless: does contact erode stereotypes?

作者信息

Knecht Tom, Martinez Lisa M

机构信息

Department of Political Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.

出版信息

Soc Sci Res. 2009 Sep;38(3):521-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.01.009.

DOI:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.01.009

PMID:19856699

Abstract

This paper employs a field experiment to assess whether interpersonal contact changes domiciled individuals' attitudes of the homeless. Volunteers for Project Homeless Connect-a one-day event that provides social services to the homeless-were asked to complete a pre- and post-survey. The results provide mixed support for the contact hypothesis. After volunteering, respondents were far less likely to see homelessness as the result of individual characteristics, such as substance abuse or work aversion. However, opinion was remarkably stable when it came to policy preferences. The results cast doubt on the conventional wisdom that individuals' perceptions of the causes of homelessness track closely with their preferences for governmental policy.

摘要

本文采用实地实验来评估人际接触是否会改变有住所的人对无家可归者的态度。“无家可归者连接计划”（一个为无家可归者提供社会服务的为期一天的活动）的志愿者被要求完成一份前后调查。结果对接触假说提供了好坏参半的支持。在做志愿者之后，受访者将无家可归视为个人特征（如药物滥用或厌恶工作）导致的可能性大大降低。然而，在政策偏好方面，观点却非常稳定。这些结果对传统观念提出了质疑，即个人对无家可归原因的看法与他们对政府政策的偏好密切相关。