Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
Physiol Res. 2009;58 Suppl 1:S13-S17. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.931861.
Various reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be produced from normal biochemical, essential metabolic processes or from external sources as exposure to a variety of agents presented in the environment. Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA are all capable of reacting with ROS and can be implicated in etiology of various human disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, lung diseases etc.). In the organism damage by ROS is counteracted with natural antioxidants (glutathione peroxidases, superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione, ubiquinol, uric acid, and essential minerals) and nutritional antioxidants from diet (i.e. vitamins E, C, carotenoids). Possible mechanisms of nutritional depletion and side effects of high intake are in the article described.
各种活性氧（ROS）可能来自正常的生化、必需的代谢过程，或来自环境中暴露于各种物质的外部来源。脂质、蛋白质、碳水化合物和 DNA 都能够与 ROS 反应，并可能与各种人类疾病（类风湿性关节炎、再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化、肺部疾病等）的病因有关。在生物体中，ROS 造成的损害可以通过天然抗氧化剂（谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽、泛醇、尿酸和必需矿物质）和饮食中的营养抗氧化剂（即维生素 E、C、类胡萝卜素）来抵消。本文描述了营养消耗的可能机制和高摄入量的副作用。
