Sanders Lee M, Shaw Judith S, Guez Ghislaine, Baur Cynthia, Rudd Rima
University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Jay Weiss Center for Social Medicine and Health Equity, Department of Pediatrics, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Suite 4063, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Pediatrics. 2009 Nov;124 Suppl 3:S306-14. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-1162G.
The nation's leading sources of morbidity and health disparities (eg, preterm birth, obesity, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, mental health disorders, and cancer) require an evidence-based approach to the delivery of effective preventive care across the life course (eg, prenatal care, primary preventive care, immunizations, physical activity, nutrition, smoking cessation, and early diagnostic screening). Health literacy may be a critical and modifiable factor for improving preventive care and reducing health disparities. Recent studies among adults have established an independent association between lower health literacy and poorer understanding of preventive care information and poor access to preventive care services. Children of parents with higher literacy skills are more likely to have better outcomes in child health promotion and disease prevention. Adult studies in disease prevention have suggested that addressing health literacy would be an efficacious strategy for reducing health disparities. Future initiatives to reduce child health inequities should include health-promotion strategies that meet the health literacy needs of children, adolescents, and their caregivers.
该国发病率和健康差距的主要根源（例如早产、肥胖、慢性肺病、心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、精神健康障碍和癌症）需要一种基于证据的方法，以便在整个生命历程中提供有效的预防性护理（例如产前护理、初级预防护理、免疫接种、体育活动、营养、戒烟和早期诊断筛查）。健康素养可能是改善预防性护理和减少健康差距的关键且可改变的因素。近期针对成年人的研究已证实，健康素养较低与对预防性护理信息的理解较差以及获得预防性护理服务的机会不足之间存在独立关联。父母识字技能较高的儿童在促进儿童健康和疾病预防方面更有可能取得更好的成果。疾病预防方面的成人研究表明，解决健康素养问题将是减少健康差距的有效策略。未来减少儿童健康不平等的举措应包括满足儿童、青少年及其照顾者健康素养需求的健康促进策略。
