Department of Medicine of the University of Chicago, Chicago.
J Exp Med. 1930 Jul 31;52(2):267-77. doi: 10.1084/jem.52.2.267.
With a view to obtaining information as to the virulence of pneumococci for human beings a study was made of the pneumococcidal action of normal human serum-leucocyte mixtures for freshly isolated strains of pathogenic pneumococci. It was found that human beings as a group showed well marked pneumococcus destroying power in their blood for all types of organisms studied. Individuals, however, exhibited wide variations in their reactions against the different types. These ranged from marked killing effect for one type of pneumococcus to none or slight against another. While reactions against different strains within the type often varied considerably this difference was less, on the whole, than that between types. An interpretation of these findings in the light of previous animal experiments in which actual determination of resistance to pneumococcus infection was made leads to the inference that human beings in general possess a considerable degree of natural immunity to all types of pneumococci but that individuals may be relatively susceptible to one or more types and at the same time resistant to others; also that pathogenic strains of pneumococci vary much in their virulence for man.
为了获得关于肺炎球菌对人类毒力的信息，研究了正常人血清-白细胞混合物对新分离的致病性肺炎球菌的杀菌作用。结果发现，人类作为一个群体，对所有研究的病原体都具有明显的肺炎球菌破坏能力。然而，个体对不同类型的反应表现出广泛的差异。这些差异范围从对一种肺炎球菌的明显杀伤作用到对另一种肺炎球菌的无杀伤作用或轻微杀伤作用。虽然同一类型内的不同菌株的反应往往有很大差异，但总体而言，这种差异小于不同类型之间的差异。根据先前进行的实际确定对肺炎球菌感染的抵抗力的动物实验的结果，对这些发现进行解释，得出的推论是，一般来说，人类对所有类型的肺炎球菌都具有相当程度的天然免疫力，但个体可能对一种或多种类型相对易感，同时对其他类型具有抵抗力；此外，肺炎球菌的致病性菌株对人类的毒力差异很大。
