Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research.
J Exp Med. 1930 Aug 31;52(3):361-77. doi: 10.1084/jem.52.3.361.
The study here reported concerns attempts at bacteriological cultivations with fragments of brain or cord, or with Berkefeld V filtrates of the nervous tissues, from seven monkeys successfully inoculated with poliomyelitic virus. With these materials, 315 tubes were inoculated, of which thirty-six showed minute bodies resembling the globoid bodies described by Flexner and Noguchi. However, a study of subplants from these minute, morphological particles did not convince us that we had in hand actual cultures of the globoid bodies, or indeed of any living microorganism. Nevertheless, when washed sediments from subplants of one of the strains, representing the seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth transfers, were inoculated into monkeys, the clinical signs and pathological effects characteristic of experimental poliomyelitis could be induced. The virulence of the "cultures" could not be ascribed to carrying over the original material into these remote subplants since the seventh transfer represented a dilution of the original cultivated material to about 1.5 x 10(-12), and the tenth, to about 1.3 x 10(-18) if one assume, as the transfer technic justifies, a thorough mixing of the contents of each tube. On the contrary, it appears as if the poliomyelitic virus had multiplied in vitro, and had increased as a consequence of being in a medium of a modified living tissue-cell culture. For in practically all specimens we observed many well-preserved kidney tissue cells and leucocytes, the latter probably derived from human ascitic fluid, a component of the Smith-Noguchi medium. In this connection, it should be mentioned that the several lots of ascitic fluid used in the cultivation tests were recently obtained from patients and employed from a week to a month after their collection. There remains for consideration the problem of the selective pathogenicity of the "cultures:" only the material of those tubes of the ninth and tenth transfers which showed the "globoid bodies" proved pathogenic; those respective tubes of the same transfers which were free from the minute bodies but apparently identical in all other respects, were avirulent. It may be that the virus was adsorbed to the particular bodies which we have found in the "cultures" and which resemble closely the globoid bodies of Flexner and Noguchi. Further elaboration of this study would be necessary, however, before such an inference could be regarded as a definite hypothesis.
本研究报告涉及对 7 只成功接种脊髓灰质炎病毒的猴子的脑或脊髓碎片或神经组织 Berkefeld V 滤液进行细菌培养的尝试。用这些材料接种了 315 管，其中 36 管显示出类似于 Flexner 和 Noguchi 描述的类球体的微小体。然而，对这些微小形态颗粒的亚系进行研究，并没有使我们确信我们手中有实际的类球体培养物，或者实际上有任何活的微生物。尽管如此，当接种到猴子身上的来自一株（代表第七、第八、第九和第十次传代的）的亚系的洗涤沉淀物中，能够诱导出与实验性脊髓灰质炎相一致的临床症状和病理效应。“培养物”的毒力不能归因于将原始材料带入这些远代亚系，因为第七次传代将原始培养物稀释至约 1.5 x 10(-12)，而第十次传代，如果按照转移技术的合理性假设，将每个管的内容物彻底混合，则稀释至约 1.3 x 10(-18)。相反，似乎脊髓灰质炎病毒在体外繁殖，并且由于在修改后的活组织细胞培养物的培养基中而增加。因为在几乎所有的标本中，我们观察到许多保存完好的肾组织细胞和白细胞，后者可能来自人腹水，这是 Smith-Noguchi 培养基的一个组成部分。在这方面，应该提到的是，在培养试验中使用的几批腹水是最近从患者身上获得的，并在采集后一周到一个月内使用。还需要考虑“培养物”的选择性致病性问题：只有第九和第十次传代的那些显示“类球体”的管的材料是致病性的；同一传代的相应管没有微小体，但在其他方面显然是相同的，是无毒的。可能是病毒被吸附到我们在“培养物”中发现的与 Flexner 和 Noguchi 的类球体非常相似的特定体上。然而，在这种推断被视为一个明确的假设之前，还需要进一步详细研究。
