Department of Surgery of The University of Chicago, Chicago.
J Exp Med. 1942 Dec 1;76(6):527-41. doi: 10.1084/jem.76.6.527.
Certain specimens of human semen shorten the coagulation time of whole blood because of the presence of active thromboplastic agents, while other samples prolong its coagulation time. Human prostatic fluid in large amounts always delays or abolishes blood coagulation. The delay or absence of clotting is counteracted by adding calcium ions and is due to the large concentration of citrate in prostatic fluid and in some semens. While most specimens of dog semen shorten the coagulation time of blood because of their thromboplastic activity, certain specimens render blood incoagulable or delay coagulation; in contrast to human semen, this adverse effect on coagulation is not overcome with calcium ions and is due to a different mechanism, the lysis of fibrinogen. The citrate content of dog prostatic fluid is small. Human semen which has become liquefied does not contain thrombin or prothrombin, but fibrinogen and thromboplastic substances are present. Beef fibrinogen added to semen is destroyed by incubation for 18 hours, but added prothrombin and thromboplastic substances are still present after this treatment. Dog semen, in some instances, contains small amounts of thrombin. The semens of man and dog contain a fibrinolysin for human blood which seems not to differ greatly from the fibrinolysin associated with hemolytic streptococci. The blood of the donor of prostatic fluid is susceptible to fibrinolysis by this fluid. However, the blood of persons with some diseases, is absolutely resistant to the action of seminal fibrinolysin. In how many diseases this happens has not yet been determined. The semens of man and dog both contain an agent capable of inactivating fibrinogen, but in different amounts. This activity may be called fibrinogenase. Human semen is rich in fibrinolysin, poor in fibrinogenase; dog semen is rich in fibrinogenase, poor in fibrinolysin. These species differences, together with the fact that it is easy by appropriate dilution to retain the stronger proteolytic agent and eliminate the weaker one, imply that fibrinolysin and fibrinogenase are different entities. Dog semen, and less constantly human semen, contain very small amounts of trypsin. All of these proteolytic agents derive from the prostate gland; their secretion in prostatic fluid constitutes a hitherto undescribed function for the prostate gland.
某些人类精液标本因存在活性促凝血因子而缩短全血的凝固时间，而其他样本则延长其凝固时间。大量的人类前列腺液总是延迟或阻止血液凝固。通过添加钙离子可以抵消延迟或不存在的凝血作用，这是由于前列腺液和某些精液中存在大量的柠檬酸盐。虽然大多数狗精液标本由于其促凝血活性而缩短血液的凝固时间，但某些标本使血液不可凝固或延迟凝固；与人类精液不同，这种对凝血的不利影响不能通过钙离子克服，并且由于不同的机制，即纤维蛋白原的溶解。狗前列腺液中的柠檬酸含量很小。已经液化的人类精液不含有凝血酶或凝血酶原，但存在纤维蛋白原和促凝血物质。添加到精液中的牛纤维蛋白原在孵育 18 小时后被破坏，但经过此处理后仍存在添加的凝血酶原和促凝血物质。在某些情况下，狗精液中含有少量的凝血酶。人和狗的精液中含有一种用于人类血液的纤维蛋白溶酶，它与溶血性链球菌相关的纤维蛋白溶酶似乎没有太大区别。前列腺液可使供体的血液发生纤维蛋白溶解。然而，某些疾病患者的血液对精液纤维蛋白溶酶绝对有抗性。到目前为止，还没有确定有多少种疾病会发生这种情况。人和狗的精液都含有一种能够使纤维蛋白原失活的物质，但数量不同。这种活性物质可以称为纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂。人类精液富含纤维蛋白溶酶，缺乏纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂；狗精液富含纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂，缺乏纤维蛋白溶酶。这些种间差异，以及通过适当稀释很容易保留更强的蛋白水解剂并消除较弱的蛋白水解剂这一事实，表明纤维蛋白溶酶和纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂是不同的实体。狗精液中，并且不太经常是人精液中，含有极少量的胰蛋白酶。所有这些蛋白水解酶都来自前列腺；它们在前列腺液中的分泌构成了前列腺腺前所未有的功能。
