The Nassau Hospital, Mineola, Long Island.
J Gen Physiol. 1947 May 20;30(5):379-87. doi: 10.1085/jgp.30.5.379.
In systems containing human red cells and sodium taurocholate as a lysin, or distearyl lecithin as a sphering agent, the prolytic loss of K at 25 degrees C. is accompanied by a gain of Na by the cell, the gain being somewhat greater than the K loss. A small volume increase accompanies the exchange. The kinetics of the K loss and the Na gain are similar to those already described; i.e., the changes are rapid at first, and slow down so that after 12 to 20 hours it appears that a new steady state is being approached. Similar, but smaller, losses of K and gains of Na occur when the cells stand in isotonic NaCl at 25 degrees C. without the addition of a lysin or sphering agent. On these and other experimental grounds, it is impossible to retain the idea that the mammalian red cell in general is impermeable to cations. The cells nevertheless seem to be in a steady state with respect to their environment, their ionic composition changing as the composition of the environment is changed. The possible processes by means of which one steady state can be exchanged for another-changes in the permeability of a surface membrane, changes in the velocity of an active ion transfer process dependent on red cell metabolism, and changes in the activity of the ions in the red cell interior as a result of changes in an orderly internal structure-are discussed.
在含有人类红细胞和牛磺胆酸钠作为溶酶体或二硬脂酰基卵磷脂作为球形化剂的系统中，25°C 时 prolytic 的 K 损失伴随着细胞内 Na 的增加，增加量略大于 K 的损失量。伴随交换发生了少量的体积增加。K 损失和 Na 获得的动力学与已经描述的动力学相似；也就是说，变化最初很快，然后变慢，以至于 12 到 20 小时后，似乎接近一个新的稳定状态。当细胞在 25°C 的等渗 NaCl 中没有添加溶酶体或球形化剂时，也会发生类似但较小的 K 损失和 Na 获得。根据这些和其他实验依据，不可能保留哺乳动物红细胞一般对阳离子不可渗透的观点。然而，细胞似乎处于与环境稳定的状态，其离子组成随着环境组成的变化而变化。一种稳定状态可以通过以下几种方式交换为另一种稳定状态：表面膜通透性的变化、依赖于红细胞代谢的主动离子转运过程的速度变化，以及由于有序内部结构的变化导致红细胞内部离子活性的变化。
