Viral Oncology and Molecular Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014.
J Gen Physiol. 1970 Jul 1;56(1):149-71. doi: 10.1085/jgp.56.1.149.
Interferon does not inactivate viruses or viral RNA. Virus growth is inhibited in interferon-treated cells, but apart from conferring resistance to virus growth, no other effect of interferon on cells has been definitely shown to take place. Interferon binds to cells even in the cold, but a period of incubation at 37 degrees C is required for development of antiviral activity. Cytoplasmic uptake of interferon has not been unequivocally demonstrated. Studies with antimetabolites indicate that the antiviral action of interferon requires host RNA and protein synthesis. Experiments with 2-mercapto-1(beta-4-pyridethyl) benzimidazole (MPB) suggest that an additional step is required between the binding and the synthesis of macromolecules. Interferon does not affect the adsorption, penetration, or uncoating of RNA or DNA viruses, but viral RNA synthesis is inhibited in cells infected with RNA viruses. The main action of interferon appears to be the inhibition of the translation of virus genetic information probably by inhibiting the initiation of virus protein synthesis.
干扰素并不能使病毒或病毒 RNA 失活。在干扰素处理过的细胞中，病毒的生长受到抑制，但除了赋予细胞对病毒生长的抗性之外，干扰素对细胞的其他影响尚未得到明确证实。干扰素甚至在低温下也能与细胞结合，但需要在 37°C 孵育一段时间才能发挥抗病毒活性。干扰素的胞质摄取尚未得到明确证实。使用代谢抑制剂的研究表明，干扰素的抗病毒作用需要宿主 RNA 和蛋白质合成。使用 2-巯基-1(beta-4-吡啶乙基)苯并咪唑 (MPB) 的实验表明，在结合和大分子合成之间需要一个额外的步骤。干扰素不会影响 RNA 或 DNA 病毒的吸附、穿透或脱壳，但它可以抑制 RNA 病毒感染细胞中的病毒 RNA 合成。干扰素的主要作用似乎是抑制病毒遗传信息的翻译，可能是通过抑制病毒蛋白合成的起始来实现的。
