Blass E M, Hoffmeyer L B
Department of Psychology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Pediatrics. 1991 Feb;87(2):215-8.
The effectiveness of sucrose as an analgesic agent for newborn infants was assessed during two standard painful hospital procedures: blood collection via heel lance and circumcision. Infants who drank 2 mL of a 12% sucrose solution prior to blood collection cried 50% less during the blood collection procedure than did control infants who had received 2 mL of sterile water. Crying of infants who ingested sucrose returned to baseline levels within 30 to 60 seconds after blood collection whereas control infants required 2.5 to 3.0 minutes to return to baseline. Like findings were obtained for infants who received sucrose on a pacifier prior to and during circumcision. Specifically, control infants who underwent a standard circumcision procedure without intervention cried 67% of the time. A water-moistened pacifier reduced crying to 49% (P less than .01). Crying was reduced further to 31% (P less than .05) by providing infants with a sucrose-flavored pacifier to suck. These findings, which parallel results obtained in studies of pain in infant rats, provide a potent yet simple, benign intervention to help alleviate stress and pain routinely experienced by human infants.
在两项标准的医院痛苦操作（足跟采血和包皮环切术）中评估了蔗糖作为新生儿镇痛剂的有效性。在足跟采血前饮用2毫升12%蔗糖溶液的婴儿在采血过程中的哭闹次数比接受2毫升无菌水的对照婴儿少50%。摄入蔗糖的婴儿在采血后30至60秒内哭闹恢复到基线水平，而对照婴儿则需要2.5至3.0分钟才能恢复到基线。在包皮环切术前和术中通过安抚奶嘴给婴儿喂蔗糖也得到了类似的结果。具体而言，接受标准包皮环切术且未干预的对照婴儿哭闹时间占67%。用水湿润的安抚奶嘴可将哭闹时间减少到49%（P<0.01）。给婴儿提供蔗糖味安抚奶嘴吸吮可将哭闹进一步减少到31%（P<0.05）。这些与幼鼠疼痛研究结果相似的发现，提供了一种有效但简单、无害的干预措施，有助于减轻人类婴儿日常经历的压力和疼痛。
