Greenberg Cindy Smith
California State University, Fullerton Department of Nursing, Lake Forest, CA, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 2002 May-Jun;28(3):271-7.
To examine the efficacy of pacifiers and sugar, alone and in combination, for pain management in neonates.
An experimental design examined pain responses of 84 newborns undergoing heelstick. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (a) water-moistened pacifier, (b) sugar-coated pacifier, (c) 2 cc of a 12% oral sucrose solution, or (d) control. Pain measures were duration of cry, vagal tone, and salivary cortisol.
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that the sugar-coated pacifier group cried significantly less than the water-moistened pacifier and control groups. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the sugar-coated pacifier group demonstrated significantly lower vagal tone during heelstick than the oral sucrose solution and control groups. This difference between the sugar-coated pacifier and control groups persevered for 15 minutes after heelstick.
Offering a sugar coated pacifier during heelstick in healthy neonates reduces pain behaviors more effectively than a water-moistened pacifier, 2 cc of a 12% sucrose solution, or no intervention.
探讨安抚奶嘴和糖单独及联合使用对新生儿疼痛管理的效果。
采用实验设计，观察84名接受足跟采血的新生儿的疼痛反应。他们被随机分为四组之一：(a) 水润安抚奶嘴组，(b) 糖衣安抚奶嘴组，(c) 2毫升12%口服蔗糖溶液组，或(d) 对照组。疼痛测量指标包括哭闹持续时间、迷走神经张力和唾液皮质醇。
多变量方差分析（MANOVA）显示，糖衣安抚奶嘴组的哭闹明显少于水润安抚奶嘴组和对照组。重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）显示，在足跟采血期间，糖衣安抚奶嘴组的迷走神经张力明显低于口服蔗糖溶液组和对照组。糖衣安抚奶嘴组与对照组之间的这种差异在足跟采血后持续了15分钟。
在健康新生儿足跟采血时提供糖衣安抚奶嘴比水润安抚奶嘴、2毫升12%蔗糖溶液或不干预更有效地减少疼痛行为。
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