Ramilo Andrea, Rodríguez Helena, López Miguel, González Ángel F, López Alfredo, Pierce Graham J, Pascual Santiago, Abollo Elvira
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Departamento Biologia, ESAM, Universidad de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 6;14(23):3531. doi: 10.3390/ani14233531.
In the last 25 years, nematode parasites of the genus have attracted international attention from various socio-economic sectors, with serious concern about the impact of these parasites on seafood quality and safety, and public health (related to both zoonoses and allergy). A knowledge-based understanding of the population structure of spp. is useful to provide valuable data about the infection dynamics, host specificity and its ability to adapt to local environments and to climate change by adapting to the food-web structure. This study first aimed to investigate the taxonomic biodiversity of spp. collected from commercial fish and cetacean species from the most significant Northeast Atlantic fishing grounds and evaluate the ecological connections of and (L3 and adults) in cetaceans and fish from NW Spain, through the analysis of their genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 1399 spp. L3 larvae from six fish species and 475 adults from six cetacean species were identified using the ITS rDNA region as a molecular marker. Molecular identification allowed for the first detection of in European waters parasitizing the long-finned pilot whales and the first report of and infecting the striped dolphin as well as the identification of and the hybrid genotype between both species. The analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 2 gene of and , the most prevalent species in FAO area 27, revealed panmictic populations for both species with high haplotype diversity. The predatory-prey relationship involving two major fish species (European hake and blue whiting) and the common dolphin appears to provide an important mechanism for maintaining genetic diversity and structure in major species in the NE Atlantic.
在过去25年里，该属的线虫寄生虫引起了社会经济各部门的国际关注，人们严重关切这些寄生虫对海产品质量与安全以及公共卫生（与人畜共患病和过敏相关）的影响。基于知识对该属物种的种群结构进行了解，有助于提供有关感染动态、宿主特异性及其通过适应食物网结构来适应当地环境和气候变化能力的宝贵数据。本研究的首要目标是调查从东北大西洋最重要渔场的商业鱼类和鲸类物种中采集的该属物种的分类生物多样性，并通过分析其遗传多样性和种群结构，评估西班牙西北部鲸类和鱼类中该属物种（L3幼虫和成虫）的生态联系。使用ITS rDNA区域作为分子标记，共鉴定出6种鱼类的1399条该属物种L3幼虫和6种鲸类的475条成虫。分子鉴定首次在欧洲水域检测到该属物种寄生于长鳍领航鲸，首次报告该属物种感染条纹海豚，同时鉴定出该属两个物种以及两者之间的杂交基因型。对粮农组织27区最常见的该属两个物种的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶2基因进行分析，结果显示这两个物种的种群均为随机交配，单倍型多样性高。涉及两种主要鱼类（欧洲无须鳕和蓝鳕）和普通海豚的捕食关系，似乎为维持东北大西洋该属主要物种的遗传多样性和结构提供了重要机制。
