Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2009 Sep;130(3):334-40.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths among Indian women. Current screening and prevention programs based on cytology have not been effective in reducing the disease burden. Two vaccines are now available for primary prevention. They generate neutralizing antibodies to HPV capsid protein. The vaccines have been shown to confer nearly 100 percent protection against cervical pre-cancers and genital warts caused by HPV types 16/18 in HPV naïve population with few or no side effects. Though there is some cross-protection, around 30 percent of cervical cancers will not be prevented by the vaccine. Vaccination and screening, which are complementary and synergistic, now constitute the new paradigm for prevention of this disease.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是宫颈癌的必要病因，也是导致印度女性癌症死亡的主要原因。目前基于细胞学的筛查和预防计划并未有效降低疾病负担。两种疫苗现已可用于初级预防。它们可产生针对 HPV 衣壳蛋白的中和抗体。研究表明，在 HPV 初筛阴性人群中，这两种疫苗可近乎 100%预防 HPV16/18 型所致的宫颈癌前病变和生殖器疣，且副作用较少或无。虽然存在一定的交叉保护作用，但仍有 30%左右的宫颈癌无法通过疫苗预防。疫苗接种和筛查相辅相成，共同构成了预防这种疾病的新模式。
