Imperial Weight Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;26(2):140-5. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e328333e94a.
The mechanisms by which obesity surgery and in particular gastric bypass cause weight loss are unclear. The review will focus on the concept of alterations in the sense of taste after obesity surgery.
Patients after obesity surgery and gastric bypass in particular change their eating behaviour and adopt healthier food preferences by avoiding high-calorie and high-fat foods. Patients find sweet and fatty meals less pleasant not due to postingestive side effects but through changes in the sense of taste. The acuity for sweet taste increases after gastric bypass potentially leading to increased intensity of perception. Obese patients experience higher activation of their brain taste reward and addiction centres in response to high calorie and fat tasting. Gastric bypass may reverse these taste hedonics, perhaps through the influence on gustatory pathways caused by enhanced gut hormone responses after surgery.
Elucidation of the metabolic mechanism behind the alterations in taste after obesity surgery could lead to the development of novel surgical and nonsurgical procedures for the treatment of obesity.
肥胖症手术（尤其是胃旁路手术）导致体重减轻的机制尚不清楚。本综述将重点关注肥胖症手术后味觉改变的概念。
肥胖症手术后，特别是胃旁路手术后，患者改变了他们的饮食习惯，通过避免高热量和高脂肪食物，转而选择更健康的食物。患者发现甜腻的食物不再那么可口，这不是因为消化后的副作用，而是因为味觉的变化。胃旁路手术后，对甜味的敏感度增加，可能导致感知强度增加。肥胖患者对高热量和高脂肪食物的味觉奖励和成瘾中心的激活程度更高。胃旁路手术可能会改变这些味觉愉悦感，这可能是通过手术后增强的肠道激素反应对味觉通路的影响。
阐明肥胖症手术后味觉改变的代谢机制可能会为肥胖症的治疗带来新的手术和非手术方法。
