Psychology Department, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, P.O. Box 7150, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA.
Behav Genet. 2010 May;40(3):349-56. doi: 10.1007/s10519-009-9310-z. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
The present study investigated the prevalence and heritability of nightmares and their comorbidity with psychopathology in a sample (N = 1,318) of children, adolescents, and child and adolescent twins ranging in age from 4 to 17 years old. The prevalence of terrible nightmares was estimated to be 6.4%, which is similar to previous studies. There were marginal gender differences in this rate (7.7% for boys; 5.1% in girls), contrary to previous studies that purport higher rates for girls. There was little evidence for prevalence changes across age. Nightmares were highly heritable and attributed to an additive genetic influence (51%) and nonshared environmental effects (49%). There was little evidence for a shared genetic correlation for nightmares and generalized waking anxiety (Overanxious Disorder of Childhood). There was also a substantial and pervasive comorbid psychopathology for those parents who reported Strongly True on Item 59: My child has terrible nightmares on the 200-item parent-as-respondent, Coolidge Personality and Neuropsychological Inventory. Issues in estimating prevalence rates of nightmares were identified.
本研究调查了噩梦的流行率和遗传性，以及它们与心理病理学的共病性，在一个包括 4 至 17 岁儿童、青少年和儿童及青少年双胞胎的样本（N=1318）中进行了研究。严重噩梦的流行率估计为 6.4%，与之前的研究相似。在这一比率上存在边缘性别差异（男孩为 7.7%，女孩为 5.1%），与之前研究报告的女孩发生率更高的说法相反。几乎没有证据表明随着年龄的增长而发生流行率变化。噩梦具有高度遗传性，归因于加性遗传影响（51%）和非共享环境影响（49%）。噩梦和广泛性觉醒焦虑（儿童期过度焦虑障碍）之间的共享遗传相关性几乎没有证据。对于那些在 200 项父母作为回答者的项目 59 中报告“强烈如此”的父母来说，存在着大量且普遍的共病心理病理学：我的孩子有严重的噩梦。对噩梦流行率的估计存在问题。
