COPIAAN (Comité de Productores Indígenas Awajún de Alto Nieva), Bajo Cachiaco, Peru.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2009 Nov 10;5:33. doi: 10.1186/1746-4269-5-33.
This work focuses on plant-based preparations that the Aguaruna Jivaro of Peru give to hunting dogs. Many plants are considered to improve dogs' sense of smell or stimulate them to hunt better, while others treat common illnesses that prevent dogs from hunting. This work places canine ethnoveterinary medicine within the larger context of Aguaruna ethnomedicine, by testing the following hypotheses: H1 -- Plants that the Aguaruna use to treat dogs will be the same plants that they use to treat people and H2 -- Plants that are used to treat both people and dogs will be used for the same illnesses in both cases.
Structured interviews with nine key informants were carried out in 2007, in Aguaruna communities in the Peruvian department of Amazonas. Informants provided freelists of plants given to dogs and explained the purpose, preparation and route of administration used. For each plant, informants also described any uses for treating people. Botanical voucher specimens were collected and additional informal observations were made, accompanying people on hunting trips.
Out of 35 plant species given to dogs, 29 (83%) are also given to humans for some medicinal purpose, while five are used only for dogs. However, the same plant is used to treat the same illness in both humans and dogs in only 53% of the cases. Forty-three percent of plants used to treat a particular illness for both dogs and people are administered in the same manner for both.
Results suggest that Aguaruna canine ethnoveterinary medicine is, at least partly, an independent cognitive domain. Some of the difference in plant use between dogs and people can be explained by the fact that certain diseases mentioned only apply to dogs. Although reports of canine ethnoveterinary medicine are very sparse in the literature, Aguaruna practices show some similarities with a few trends reported for other Amazonian societies, particularly, in the prevalence of the nasal route of administration, the use of plant-based psychoactives and in the importance of ants and wasps, in some form, for training dogs.
本研究关注的是秘鲁 Aguaruna Jivaro 人给猎犬使用的植物制剂。许多植物被认为可以改善狗的嗅觉，或刺激其更好地狩猎，而另一些植物则可以治疗妨碍狗狩猎的常见疾病。本研究通过检验以下两个假设，将犬类民族兽医学置于 Aguaruna 民族医学的更大背景下：假设 1——Aguaruna 人用于治疗狗的植物与他们用于治疗人的植物相同；假设 2——用于治疗人和狗的植物将用于两种情况下的相同疾病。
2007 年，在秘鲁亚马逊地区的 Aguaruna 社区中，对九位关键知情者进行了结构式访谈。知情者提供了给狗使用的植物自由列表，并解释了使用的目的、制剂和给药途径。对于每种植物，知情者还描述了用于治疗人类的任何用途。收集了植物标本凭证，并进行了额外的非正式观察，陪同人们进行狩猎旅行。
在给狗使用的 35 种植物中，有 29 种（83%）也因某种药用目的而被用于治疗人类，而有 5 种仅用于治疗狗。然而，在只有 53%的情况下，同一种植物用于治疗人类和狗的相同疾病。在用于治疗人和狗的特定疾病的 43%的植物中，用于两者的给药方式相同。
结果表明，Aguaruna 犬类民族兽医学至少部分是一个独立的认知领域。狗和人之间在植物使用上的一些差异可以用某些仅适用于狗的疾病来解释。尽管关于犬类民族兽医学的报告在文献中非常稀少，但 Aguaruna 的实践与其他亚马逊社会报告的一些趋势有一些相似之处，特别是在鼻内给药途径的流行、植物性精神活性物质的使用以及蚂蚁和黄蜂的重要性，以某种形式用于训练狗。
