Xiong Yong, Long Chunlin
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education of China, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2020 Aug 17;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s13002-020-00396-y.
The Buyi (Bouyei) people in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Southwest Guizhou, China, have used medicinal plants and traditional remedies for ethnoveterinary practices, such as treating domestic animals during livestock breeding, since ancient times. However, the unique ethnoveterinary practices of the Buyi have rarely been recorded. This study aimed to identify the plants used in their traditional ethnoveterinary practices, and to propose suggestions for future conservation and sustainable use of this knowledge.
Ethnobotanical fieldwork was conducted in 19 villages/townships in Qianxinan Prefecture between 2017 and 2018. Data were collected from the local Buyi people through semi-structured interviews and participatory observations. The informant consensus factor (FIC) and use reports (URs) were utilized to evaluate the consent of the current ethnoveterinary practices among the local communities, and 83 informants were interviewed during the field investigations. Plant samples and voucher specimens were collected for taxonomic identification.
A total of 122 plant species, belonging to 60 families and 114 genera, were recorded as being used in ethnoveterinary practices by the Buyi people. The most used ethnoveterinary medicinal plant (EMP) parts included the roots, whole plant, and bulb, and the most common preparation methods included decoction, crushing, and boiling. Some EMPs, such as Quisqualis indica and Paris polyphylla, have special preparation methods. The informant consensus factor (FIC) and use reports (URs) of the EMP species were analyzed. Twenty EMP species with the highest URs were noted as having particular importance in the daily lives of Buyi people in Qianxinan Prefecture.
In this study, we identified traditional ethnoveterinary knowledge of the medicinal plants among the Buyi communities in Qianxinan Prefecture. This knowledge has previously been limited to local vets, herders, and aged community members. Plants with important medicinal uses need to be validated phytochemically and pharmacologically in the future, to develop new alternative drugs for veterinary purposes.
中国黔西南布依族苗族自治州的布依族自古以来就在畜牧养殖过程中使用药用植物和传统疗法治疗家畜等民族兽医实践。然而，布依族独特的民族兽医实践鲜有记载。本研究旨在确定其传统民族兽医实践中使用的植物，并为该知识的未来保护和可持续利用提出建议。
2017年至2018年期间，在黔西南州的19个乡镇开展了民族植物学实地调查。通过半结构化访谈和参与式观察从当地布依族人群中收集数据。利用信息提供者共识因子（FIC）和使用报告（URs）来评估当地社区对当前民族兽医实践的认同情况，实地调查期间共采访了83位信息提供者。采集植物样本和凭证标本进行分类鉴定。
共记录了布依族在民族兽医实践中使用的122种植物，分属于60科114属。民族兽医药用植物（EMP）最常使用的部位包括根、全株和鳞茎，最常见的制备方法包括煎煮、粉碎和煮沸。一些EMP，如使君子和七叶一枝花，有特殊的制备方法。分析了EMP物种的信息提供者共识因子（FIC）和使用报告（URs）。注意到20种URs最高的EMP物种在黔西南州布依族的日常生活中具有特别重要的意义。
在本研究中，我们确定了黔西南州布依族社区中关于药用植物的传统民族兽医知识。此前该知识仅限于当地兽医、牧民和老年社区成员。未来需要对具有重要药用价值的植物进行植物化学和药理学验证，以开发新的兽用替代药物。
