Department of Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Psychol Med. 2010 Aug;40(8):1401-7. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709991802. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
Economic recessions are characterized by job insecurity and rising unemployment. The relationship between job insecurity and poor mental health is known. However, we do not know how this relationship is affected by individual socio-economic circumstances.
A random probability sample comprising 3581 respondents (1746 men and 1835 women) were selected from the third national survey of psychiatric morbidity in Great Britain. Fieldwork was carried out throughout 2007. Depression was assessed using the revised Clinical Interview Schedule and ICD-10 research diagnostic criteria administered by well-trained lay interviewers.
One-fifth of all working men and women aged 16-64 years felt that their job security was poor. From a multivariate analysis of several job stressors, there was an increased likelihood of depression among those agreeing that their job security was poor [odds ratio (OR) 1.58, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.22-2.06, p<0.001]. After controlling for age and sex, job insecurity (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.47-2.35, p<0.001) and being in debt (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.58-2.98, p<0.001) were independently associated with depression.
Job insecurity has a strong association with feelings of depression even after controlling for biographic characteristics (age and sex), economic factors (personal debt) and work characteristics (type of work and level of responsibility). Despite the organizational changes needed to cope with a recession, employers should also take note of the additional distress experienced by workers at a time of great uncertainty, particularly those in less skilled jobs and in financial straits.
经济衰退的特点是工作不稳定和失业率上升。人们已经了解到工作不安全感与心理健康状况不佳之间的关系。然而，我们不知道这种关系如何受到个人社会经济环境的影响。
从英国第三次全国精神疾病发病率调查中随机抽取了一个由 3581 名受访者（1746 名男性和 1835 名女性）组成的概率样本。实地调查工作于 2007 年全年进行。使用修订后的临床访谈时间表和由训练有素的非专业访谈员进行的 ICD-10 研究诊断标准评估抑郁。
在 16-64 岁的所有工作男女中，有五分之一的人认为自己的工作保障较差。从对几种工作压力源的多变量分析来看，那些认为自己的工作保障较差的人抑郁的可能性增加[优势比（OR）1.58，95%置信区间（CI）1.22-2.06，p<0.001]。在控制年龄和性别后，工作不安全感（OR 1.86，95% CI 1.47-2.35，p<0.001）和负债（OR 2.17，95% CI 1.58-2.98，p<0.001）与抑郁独立相关。
即使在控制了人口统计学特征（年龄和性别）、经济因素（个人债务）和工作特征（工作类型和责任水平）后，工作不安全感与抑郁感仍有很强的关联。尽管需要进行组织变革以应对经济衰退，但雇主还应注意到，在高度不确定的时期，工人会感到额外的痛苦，尤其是那些技能水平较低和经济拮据的工人。
