Li Fang, Chu Zheng
Department of Marxism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 9;15:1455122. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1455122. eCollection 2024.
Depression is closely associated with employment status, which serves as a complex social determinant. This study explores the relationship between employment status and depression.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. The study included 29,452 participants aged 20 and older with complete data on employment and depression. Logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between employment and depression, adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education, poverty-to-income ratio (PIR), BMI, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol status.
The study revealed an overall depression prevalence of 8.61%, with significant variation across employment statuses-non-employed (11.77%), part-time (6.58%), and full-time (4.52%) workers. Employed individuals, particularly those in the 40-59 age group and with lower PIRs, showed reduced odds of depression (OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.36-0.48, p=0.000). Stratified analyses confirmed lower depression odds for employed individuals regardless of gender or marital status.
Employment status has a significant impact on depression risk, with full-time work showing the strongest protective effect against depressive symptoms. The study underscores the role of sociodemographic factors in depression and highlights the need for policies promoting stable employment and mental health support, especially for economically vulnerable groups.
抑郁症与就业状况密切相关，就业状况是一个复杂的社会决定因素。本研究探讨就业状况与抑郁症之间的关系。
分析了2005年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。该研究纳入了29452名年龄在20岁及以上且拥有就业和抑郁症完整数据的参与者。应用逻辑回归模型来检验就业与抑郁症之间的关联，并对年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育程度、贫困收入比（PIR）、体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟和饮酒状况等协变量进行了调整。
研究显示总体抑郁症患病率为8.61%，不同就业状况之间存在显著差异——未就业者（11.77%）、兼职者（6.58%）和全职者（4.52%）。就业者，尤其是40 - 59岁年龄组且贫困收入比低的人，患抑郁症的几率降低（比值比0.42，95%置信区间：0.36 - 0.48，p = 0.000）。分层分析证实，无论性别或婚姻状况如何，就业者患抑郁症的几率都较低。
就业状况对抑郁症风险有显著影响，全职工作对抑郁症状的保护作用最强。该研究强调了社会人口学因素在抑郁症中的作用，并突出了促进稳定就业和心理健康支持政策的必要性，特别是针对经济弱势群体。
