Oh Se-Lim
University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Gen Dent. 2009 Jul-Aug;57(4):381-5; quiz 386-7.
The keratinized attached gingiva provides the periodontium with increased resistance to external injury, contributes to the stabilization of the gingival margin, and aids in dissipating physiological forces exerted by the muscular fibers of the alveolar mucosa on the gingival tissues. Increasing attached gingiva should be strongly considered in cases where the patient's plaque control is compromised. The apically positioned flap, free gingival graft, and subepithelial connective tissue graft are the most common surgical procedures used for augmenting the zone of attached gingiva effectively and predictably. The newly obtained keratinized gingiva can be maintained for a long period; in addition, these periodontal procedures halt the progression of gingival recession and could lead to gaining more keratinized gingiva from creeping attachment after the surgery. This article reviews the biology of attached gingiva and presents cases related to the functional role of periodontal plastic surgery.
角化附着龈增强了牙周组织对外界损伤的抵抗力，有助于龈缘的稳定，并有助于消散牙槽黏膜肌纤维对牙龈组织施加的生理力。在患者菌斑控制不佳的情况下，应强烈考虑增加附着龈。根向复位瓣术、游离龈移植术和上皮下结缔组织移植术是有效且可预测地增加附着龈区域最常用的外科手术。新获得的角化龈可以长期维持；此外，这些牙周手术可阻止牙龈退缩的进展，并可能在术后通过爬行附着获得更多角化龈。本文综述了附着龈的生物学特性，并介绍了与牙周整形手术功能作用相关的病例。
