Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nutr Rev. 2009 Nov;67(11):658-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00250.x.
The transition metal copper is an essential trace element involved in many enzymatic processes that require redox-chemistry. The redox-activity of copper is potentially harmful. Severe imbalance of copper homeostasis can occur with some hereditary disorders of copper metabolism. Copper is acquired from the diet by intestinal absorption and is subsequently distributed throughout the body. The regulation of intestinal copper absorption to maintain whole-body copper homeostasis is currently poorly understood. This review evaluates novel findings regarding the molecular mechanism of intestinal copper uptake. The role of recently identified transporters in enterocyte copper uptake and excretion into the portal circulation is described, and the regulation of dietary copper uptake during physiological and pathophysiological conditions is discussed.
过渡金属铜是一种必需的微量元素，参与许多需要氧化还原化学的酶促过程。铜的氧化还原活性具有潜在的危害性。某些遗传性铜代谢紊乱会导致铜动态平衡严重失衡。铜通过肠道吸收从饮食中获得，并随后分布到全身。目前对调节肠道铜吸收以维持全身铜动态平衡的机制知之甚少。本综述评估了关于肠道铜摄取分子机制的新发现。描述了最近发现的转运蛋白在肠细胞铜摄取和排泄到门静脉循环中的作用，并讨论了在生理和病理生理条件下饮食铜摄取的调节。
