Post Doctoral Department, Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, DE 19808, USA.
Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 1;25(19):10604. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910604.
Copper is a vital trace element in oxidized and reduced forms. It plays crucial roles in numerous biological events such as redox chemistry, enzymatic reactions, mitochondrial respiration, iron metabolism, autophagy, and immune modulation. Maintaining the balance of copper in the body is essential because its deficiency and excess can be harmful. Abnormal copper metabolism has a two-fold impact on the development of tumors and cancer treatment. Cuproptosis is a form of cell death that occurs when there is excessive copper in the body, leading to proteotoxic stress and the activation of a specific pathway in the mitochondria. Research has been conducted on the advantageous role of copper ionophores and chelators in cancer management. This review presents recent progress in understanding copper metabolism, cuproptosis, and the molecular mechanisms involved in using copper for targeted therapy in cervical cancer. Integrating trace metals and minerals into nanoparticulate systems is a promising approach for controlling invasive tumors. Therefore, we have also included a concise overview of copper nanoformulations targeting cervical cancer cells. This review offers comprehensive insights into the correlation between cuproptosis-related genes and immune infiltration, as well as the prognosis of cervical cancer. These findings can be valuable for developing advanced clinical tools to enhance the detection and treatment of cervical cancer.
铜是氧化态和还原态的重要微量元素。它在许多生物学事件中发挥着关键作用，如氧化还原化学、酶反应、线粒体呼吸、铁代谢、自噬和免疫调节。维持体内铜的平衡至关重要，因为其缺乏和过量都可能有害。铜代谢异常对肿瘤的发展和癌症治疗有双重影响。当体内铜过量时，会发生细胞死亡的一种形式，即铜死亡，导致蛋白毒性应激和线粒体中特定途径的激活。人们已经研究了铜离子载体和螯合剂在癌症管理中的有利作用。本综述介绍了近年来在理解铜代谢、铜死亡以及利用铜进行宫颈癌靶向治疗的分子机制方面的进展。将痕量金属和矿物质整合到纳米颗粒系统中是控制侵袭性肿瘤的一种有前途的方法。因此，我们还简要概述了针对宫颈癌细胞的铜纳米制剂。本综述全面深入地探讨了与铜死亡相关的基因与免疫浸润之间的相关性，以及宫颈癌的预后。这些发现对于开发先进的临床工具以提高宫颈癌的检测和治疗水平具有重要价值。
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