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本文引用的文献

1
Association of the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3/DAT1) gene 9-6 haplotype with adult ADHD.多巴胺转运体（SLC6A3/DAT1）基因9-6单倍型与成人注意力缺陷多动障碍的关联。
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Dec 5;147B(8):1576-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30861.
2
Molecular genetic contribution to the developmental course of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.分子遗传学对注意力缺陷多动障碍发展过程的影响
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Jan;18(1):26-32. doi: 10.1007/s00787-008-0698-4. Epub 2008 Jun 18.
3
D4 receptor deficiency in mice has limited effects on impulsivity and novelty seeking.小鼠体内的D4受体缺陷对冲动性和寻求新奇行为的影响有限。
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008 Sep;90(3):387-93. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.013. Epub 2008 Mar 28.
4
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.注意缺陷多动障碍的遗传学
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008 Apr;17(2):261-84, vii-viii. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2007.11.011.
5
Genetic analyses of dopamine related genes in adult ADHD patients suggest an association with the DRD5-microsatellite repeat, but not with DRD4 or SLC6A3 VNTRs.对成年注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者多巴胺相关基因的遗传分析表明，其与DRD5微卫星重复序列存在关联，但与DRD4或SLC6A3可变数目串联重复序列（VNTRs）无关联。
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Dec 5;147B(8):1470-5. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30662.
6
Linkage analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.注意缺陷多动障碍的连锁分析
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Dec 5;147B(8):1387-91. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30631.
7
Polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor, clinical outcome, and cortical structure in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.注意缺陷多动障碍中多巴胺D4受体多态性、临床结局与皮质结构
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007 Aug;64(8):921-31. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.64.8.921.
8
Family-based association analysis of a statistically derived quantitative traits for ADHD reveal an association in DRD4 with inattentive symptoms in ADHD individuals.对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的统计学衍生定量性状进行基于家系的关联分析，结果显示多巴胺受体D4（DRD4）与ADHD个体的注意力不集中症状存在关联。
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Jan 5;147B(1):100-6. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30567.
9
Partial replication of a DRD4 association in ADHD individuals using a statistically derived quantitative trait for ADHD in a family-based association test.在一项基于家系的关联测试中，利用统计推导的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）数量性状，对ADHD个体中DRD4关联进行部分复制。
Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Nov 1;62(9):985-90. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.03.006. Epub 2007 Jun 8.
10
A meta-analysis of association studies between the 10-repeat allele of a VNTR polymorphism in the 3'-UTR of dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.多巴胺转运体基因3'-UTR区VNTR多态性10重复等位基因与注意缺陷多动障碍关联研究的荟萃分析。
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2007 Jun 5;144B(4):541-50. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30453.

候选基因多态性对注意缺陷多动障碍病程的影响。

Effect of candidate gene polymorphisms on the course of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

机构信息

Pediatric Psychopharmacology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

出版信息

Psychiatry Res. 2009 Dec 30;170(2-3):199-203. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.12.016. Epub 2009 Nov 10.

DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.12.016
PMID:19906444
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3752702/
Abstract

The main aim of this study was to examine the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-associated genes and the course of ADHD. Subjects were derived from identically designed case-control family studies of boys and girls with ADHD and a genetic linkage study of families with children with ADHD. Caucasian probands and family members with ADHD and with available genetic data were included in this analysis (N=563). The course of ADHD was compared in subjects with and without putative risk alleles (DRD4 7-repeat allele, DAT1 10-repeat allele, and 5HTTLPR long allele). The persistence of ADHD (full or subthreshold diagnosis in the last month) was plotted using Kaplan-Meier survival functions and tested with Cox proportional hazard models. Survival analyses revealed that by 25 years of age 76% of subjects with a DRD4 7-repeat allele were estimated to have significantly more persistent ADHD compared with 66% of subjects without the risk allele. In contrast, there were no significant associations between the course of ADHD and the DAT1 10-repeat allele (P=0.94) and 5HTTLPR long allele. Our findings suggest that the DRD4 7-repeat allele is associated with a more persistent course of ADHD.

摘要

本研究的主要目的是检验注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相关基因与 ADHD 病程之间的关联。研究对象来源于男孩和女孩 ADHD 的同设计病例对照家族研究，以及 ADHD 患儿家系的遗传连锁研究。本分析纳入了白种先证者及其 ADHD 家族成员，以及具有可用遗传数据的个体（N=563）。比较了具有和不具有假定风险等位基因（DRD4 7 重复等位基因、DAT1 10 重复等位基因和 5HTTLPR 长等位基因）的个体中 ADHD 的病程。使用 Kaplan-Meier 生存函数绘制 ADHD 的持续存在（上个月完全或亚阈值诊断），并使用 Cox 比例风险模型进行检验。生存分析显示，到 25 岁时，76%的 DRD4 7 重复等位基因携带者被估计患有更持续的 ADHD，而无风险等位基因携带者的比例为 66%。相比之下，DAT1 10 重复等位基因（P=0.94）和 5HTTLPR 长等位基因与 ADHD 病程之间无显著关联。我们的研究结果表明，DRD4 7 重复等位基因与 ADHD 病程更持久相关。