Blum K, Oscar-Berman M, Barh D, Giordano J, Gold Ms
Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA ; Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India ; Department of Nutrigenomics, LifeGen, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA.
J Genet Syndr Gene Ther. 2013 Feb 10;4(121). doi: 10.4172/2157-7412.1000121.
Having entered the genomics era with confidence in the future of medicine, including psychiatry, identifying the role of DNA and polymorphic associations with brain reward circuitry has led to a new understanding of all addictive behaviors. It is noteworthy that this strategy may provide treatment for the millions who are the victims of "Reward Deficiency Syndrome" (RDS) a genetic disorder of brain reward circuitry. This article will focus on drugs and food being mutuality addictive, and the role of dopamine genetics and function in addictions, including the interaction of the dopamine transporter, and sodium food. We will briefly review our concept that concerns the genetic antecedents of multiple-addictions (RDS). Studies have also shown that evaluating a panel of established reward genes and polymorphisms enables the stratification of genetic risk to RDS. The panel is called the "Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS)", and is a tool for the diagnosis of a genetic predisposition for RDS. The use of this test, as pointed out by others, would benefit the medical community by identifying at risk individuals at a very early age. We encourage, in depth work in both animal and human models of addiction. We encourage further exploration of the neurogenetic correlates of the commonalities between food and drug addiction and endorse forward thinking hypotheses like "The Salted Food Addiction Hypothesis".
随着我们满怀信心地进入基因组学时代，医学（包括精神病学）的未来一片光明，确定DNA的作用以及与大脑奖赏回路的多态性关联，使我们对所有成瘾行为有了新的认识。值得注意的是，这一策略可能为数百万“奖赏缺乏综合征”（RDS）患者提供治疗，RDS是一种大脑奖赏回路的遗传疾病。本文将重点探讨药物和食物的相互成瘾性，以及多巴胺遗传学和功能在成瘾中的作用，包括多巴胺转运体与钠食物的相互作用。我们将简要回顾我们关于多种成瘾（RDS）遗传前因的概念。研究还表明，评估一组既定的奖赏基因和多态性能够对RDS的遗传风险进行分层。该组被称为“遗传成瘾风险评分（GARS）”，是一种诊断RDS遗传易感性的工具。正如其他人所指出的，使用这项检测将通过在个体非常年幼时识别出有风险的个体，从而使医学界受益。我们鼓励在成瘾的动物和人类模型方面开展深入研究。我们鼓励进一步探索食物成瘾和药物成瘾共性的神经遗传学关联，并支持像“咸食成瘾假说”这样具有前瞻性的假设。
