Center for Developmental Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010 Feb;38(2):261-72. doi: 10.1007/s10802-009-9362-9.
The current study examined the contributions of maternal and peer support to depressive symptoms in early to mid-adolescence and variation in these contributions across age, gender, and race. Five waves of data on maternal support, peer support, and depressive symptoms were collected on rural youth (N = 3,444) at 6 month intervals. Multilevel modeling was used to evaluate within and between-person effects of maternal and peer support on depressive symptoms. Within-person effects of peer support did not vary by age, gender, or race. At the between-person level, peer support predicted levels of depressive symptoms at age 12, but this effect became nonsignificant after controlling for maternal support. Within-person effects of maternal support did not vary with age but were qualified by gender and race. Between-person effects of maternal support on depressive symptom levels at age 12 and slopes varied across race and gender, respectively. Findings highlight the robustness of the protective effects of maternal and peer support during adolescence among girls and white youth.
本研究考察了母亲支持和同伴支持对青少年早期到中期抑郁症状的贡献，以及这些贡献在年龄、性别和种族上的差异。在六个月的时间里，对农村青少年（N=3444）进行了五次关于母亲支持、同伴支持和抑郁症状的数据收集。采用多层次模型评估了母亲支持和同伴支持对抑郁症状的个体内和个体间效应。同伴支持的个体内效应不因年龄、性别或种族而变化。在个体间水平上，同伴支持预测了 12 岁时的抑郁症状水平，但在控制了母亲支持后，这种效应变得不显著。母亲支持的个体内效应不随年龄变化，但受性别和种族的限制。母亲支持对 12 岁时抑郁症状水平和斜率的个体间效应在种族和性别上分别存在差异。研究结果强调了母亲支持和同伴支持在青春期对女孩和白人青少年的保护作用的稳健性。
