Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 603 E. Daniel St, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2013 Feb;41(2):295-308. doi: 10.1007/s10802-012-9675-y.
This research examined two pathways through which depressive symptoms contribute to low social status (i.e., neglect and rejection) within the peer group over time: (a) depressive symptoms promote socially helpless behavior and consequent neglect by peers; and (b) depressive symptoms promote aggressive behavior and consequent rejection by peers. These pathways were investigated in independent samples of youth at two developmental stages: middle childhood (2nd-4th grade) and early adolescence (5th-7th grade). In both Study 1 (M age = 7.97, SD = 0.37; 338 girls, 298 boys) and Study 2 (M age = 11.74, SD = 0.68; 305 girls, 300 boys), youth and their teachers completed questionnaires at three waves. Multi-group comparison path analyses were conducted to examine sex differences in the models. Consistent with expectations, two pathways emerged through which depressive symptoms undermined subsequent social status. Support was not found for the reverse direction of effect nor for developmental or sex differences in the pathways with one exception: In early adolescence, neglect directly predicted depressive symptoms. These findings suggest specificity but also heterogeneity in the effects of depressive symptoms on social status, and identify behaviors that may be targeted for preventing the persistence of depression and its interpersonal consequences.
本研究考察了抑郁症状随时间推移对同伴群体中低社会地位（即忽视和排斥）产生影响的两种途径：（a）抑郁症状导致社交无助行为，进而被同伴忽视；（b）抑郁症状导致攻击性行为，进而被同伴排斥。这些途径在两个发展阶段的青少年独立样本中进行了调查：（1）小学中期（2-4 年级）和（2）青春期早期（5-7 年级）。在研究 1（M 年龄=7.97，SD=0.37；338 名女生，298 名男生）和研究 2（M 年龄=11.74，SD=0.68；305 名女生，300 名男生）中，青少年及其教师在三个时间点完成了问卷调查。多组比较路径分析用于检验模型中的性别差异。与预期一致，有两种途径表明抑郁症状破坏了随后的社会地位。没有发现相反方向的影响，也没有发现发展或性别差异，但有一个例外：在青春期早期，忽视直接预测了抑郁症状。这些发现表明抑郁症状对社会地位的影响具有特异性，但也具有异质性，并确定了可能针对预防抑郁及其人际后果持续存在的行为。
