Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135, avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
C R Biol. 2009 Nov;332(11):958-73. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2009.09.005. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
In cells, mRNA and protein levels are fine-regulated to adjust continuously to cellular needs. Recently, several large-scale studies in prokaryotes showed weak correlations between mRNA and protein abundances highlighting the significant importance of post-transcriptional regulations. Post-transcriptional regulations involve dynamic adaptation of mRNA and protein turnover and also modulation of the efficiency of mRNA translation into protein. mRNA and protein stabilities are function of both sequence determinants and decay processes. Translation efficiency is mainly dependent on ribosome synthesis and activity. Conciliation through an integrative biology approach of large-scale data obtained for each level of regulation is now required to better understand global cell response to different environmental growth conditions. In this review, we report mechanisms involved in mRNA and protein stability and translation regulation in prokaryotes, and their dependence on growth phase and environmental growth conditions is particularly highlighted.
在细胞中，mRNA 和蛋白质水平被精细调节，以持续适应细胞的需求。最近，几项针对原核生物的大规模研究表明，mRNA 和蛋白质丰度之间存在微弱的相关性，这突出了转录后调控的重要性。转录后调控涉及 mRNA 和蛋白质周转率的动态适应，以及调节 mRNA 翻译成蛋白质的效率。mRNA 和蛋白质的稳定性是序列决定因素和降解过程的功能。翻译效率主要取决于核糖体的合成和活性。现在需要通过整合生物学方法来协调每个调节水平获得的大规模数据，以更好地理解细胞对不同环境生长条件的整体反应。在这篇综述中，我们报告了原核生物中 mRNA 和蛋白质稳定性以及翻译调控的机制，特别强调了它们对生长阶段和环境生长条件的依赖性。
