Ecole supérieure d'aménagement du territoire de l'Université Laval, Pavillon Antoine Savard, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Jan 1;408(3):456-72. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.047. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
Chlorination of drinking water is essential to prevent waterborne disease. However, chlorine reacts with organic matter present in surface waters to form various by-products. In the last decade, several epidemiological studies have been conducted to determine the connection between exposure to these chlorination by-products (CBPs) and human health defects, such as adverse reproductive outcomes. However, the methodology used to assess exposure of pregnant women in these studies had serious limitations, particularly in relation to determining CBP presence in the subject's tap water. The purpose of this paper is to critically review of methods used to evaluate the CBP presence in a subject's tap water for exposure assessment purposes in epidemiological studies focused on adverse reproductive outcomes and CBPs in drinking water. Interest is directed more precisely at space-time features related to CBPs for an optimal estimation of their presence in a subject's tap water.
饮用水氯化消毒对于预防水源性疾病至关重要。然而，氯会与地表水中存在的有机物发生反应，形成各种副产物。在过去的十年中，已经进行了几项流行病学研究，以确定暴露于这些氯化副产物（CBPs）与人类健康缺陷之间的联系，例如不良生殖结果。然而，这些研究中用于评估孕妇暴露情况的方法存在严重的局限性，特别是在确定受试者自来水中 CBP 的存在方面。本文的目的是批判性地审查用于评估受试者自来水中 CBP 存在的方法，以便在针对不良生殖结果和饮用水中 CBPs 的流行病学研究中进行暴露评估。人们更感兴趣的是与 CBPs 相关的时空特征，以便能够最佳地估计它们在受试者自来水中的存在。
