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儿童使用非处方咳嗽和感冒药。

Use of over-the-counter cough and cold medications in children.

出版信息

Can Fam Physician. 2009 Nov;55(11):1081-3.

PMID:19910592
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2776795/
Abstract

QUESTION

Every winter I see numerous children in my office with cold symptoms. Is it safe and effective to use over-the-counter cough and cold medications to alleviate their symptoms?

ANSWER

Over-the-counter cough and cold medications are not effective in treating children with the common cold and might cause serious side effects, including death. New recommendations restricting use in Canada to those older than 6 years of age are effective immediately, with relabeling of products starting in the fall of 2009.

摘要

问题

每年冬天,我的办公室都会有很多出现感冒症状的儿童。使用非处方咳嗽和感冒药来缓解他们的症状安全有效吗?

答案

非处方咳嗽和感冒药对治疗儿童普通感冒并无疗效,反而可能导致严重的副作用,包括死亡。新的建议限制在加拿大使用这些药物,只限于 6 岁以上的儿童,该建议立即生效,相关药品也将于 2009 年秋季开始重新贴标签。

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本文引用的文献

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WITHDRAWN: Nasal decongestants for the common cold.撤回:用于普通感冒的鼻减充血剂。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Apr 15;2009(2):CD001953. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001953.pub4.
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Pediatric fatalities associated with over the counter (nonprescription) cough and cold medications.与非处方止咳和感冒药相关的儿童死亡病例。
Ann Emerg Med. 2009 Apr;53(4):411-7. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.09.015. Epub 2008 Dec 19.
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Pseudoephedrine use among US children, 1999-2006: results from the Slone survey.1999 - 2006年美国儿童使用伪麻黄碱情况:斯隆调查结果
Pediatrics. 2008 Dec;122(6):1299-304. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-0284.
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Accidental and nonaccidental poisonings as a cause of apparent life-threatening events in infants.意外和非意外中毒作为婴儿明显危及生命事件的一个原因。
Pediatrics. 2008 Aug;122(2):e359-62. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3729.
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Unexpected infant deaths associated with use of cough and cold medications.与使用止咳和感冒药相关的意外婴儿死亡。
Pediatrics. 2008 Aug;122(2):e318-22. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3813.
6
Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings.门诊环境中用于儿童和成人急性咳嗽的非处方药。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23(1):CD001831. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub3.
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Adverse events from cough and cold medications in children.儿童止咳感冒药的不良事件。
Pediatrics. 2008 Apr;121(4):783-7. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3638. Epub 2008 Jan 28.
8
Over the counter but no longer under the radar--pediatric cough and cold medications.非处方药,但不再鲜为人知——儿科止咳和感冒药。
N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 6;357(23):2321-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp0707400.
9
Infant deaths associated with cough and cold medications--two states, 2005.2005年,与止咳感冒药相关的婴儿死亡事件——两个州
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Jan 12;56(1):1-4.
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Over-the-counter cold medications-postmortem findings in infants and the relationship to cause of death.非处方感冒药——婴儿尸检结果及其与死因的关系
J Anal Toxicol. 2005 Oct;29(7):738-43. doi: 10.1093/jat/29.7.738.