非处方药：全球视角与印度情况
Over-the-counter medicines: Global perspective and Indian scenario.
作者信息
Marathe P A, Kamat S K, Tripathi R K, Raut S B, Khatri N P
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Department of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Australia.
出版信息
J Postgrad Med. 2020 Jan-Mar;66(1):28-34. doi: 10.4103/jpgm.JPGM_381_19.
Patients often approach a pharmacist instead of visiting a doctor for minor ailments such as cough, cold, allergies, pain, fever, acidity, diarrhea, and skin-related conditions. Purchase of specific medicines over the counter is legally recognized in most countries. 'Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines' means drugs which are legally allowed to be sold by pharmacists without need for a prescription. The term does not have a legal definition in India. Technically, drugs are OTC unless they are specifically stated as prescription only drugs. OTC drugs allow faster and cheaper access to healthcare; however, their misuse and adverse health effects cause concerns. This article describes concept of OTC medicines and practices in India against the background of globally prevalent regulations and practices. A recognized category of OTC medicines by law, patient awareness programs, and support of pharmacists and pharmaceutical companies are required to optimize the use of OTC medicines in India.
对于咳嗽、感冒、过敏、疼痛、发烧、胃酸过多、腹泻以及皮肤相关疾病等小病，患者常常会去找药剂师而不是去看医生。在大多数国家，非处方购买特定药品在法律上是被认可的。“非处方药（OTC）”指的是法律允许药剂师无需处方即可销售的药品。该术语在印度没有法律定义。从技术上讲，除非特别注明为仅需处方的药品，否则药品均为非处方药。非处方药使人们能够更快、更便宜地获得医疗保健服务；然而，其滥用及对健康的不良影响引发了人们的担忧。本文在全球普遍的法规和做法背景下，描述了印度非处方药的概念及实践情况。在印度，需要有法律认可的非处方药类别、患者宣传项目以及药剂师和制药公司的支持，以优化非处方药的使用。
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