Kosice Institute for Society and Health, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010 Dec;64(12):1043-8. doi: 10.1136/jech.2009.092098. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
Roma people are commonly described as having an unhealthy lifestyle-for example, an unhealthy diet, intensive smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and a lack of physical activity. However, data about such health-endangering behaviours among Roma adolescents are scarce and of poor quality. The aim of our study is to assess the occurrence of health-endangering behaviours among Slovak Roma adolescents in comparison to non-Roma adolescents, and to assess the impact of parental education and social desirability on the differences found.
A cross-sectional study among Roma from separated and segregated settlements in the eastern part of Slovakia (n=330; mean age 14.50 years; interview) and non-Roma adolescents (n=722; mean age 14.86 years; questionnaire) was conducted. The effect of ethnicity and parental education on smoking, drunkenness, drug use and physical activity was analysed separately for boys and girls using logistic regression and adjusted for social desirability.
Among girls, Roma adolescents had lower rates of smoking, drunkenness and drug use than non-Roma (ORs from 0.14 to 0.60 compared to non-Roma), but had higher rates of physical inactivity. Among boys, drug use was less frequent among Roma adolescents (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.46); differences for the other health-endangering behaviours were small and statistically insignificant. The effects of parental education and social desirability were small.
In contrast to the scarce evidence, Roma had lower rates of substance abuse, especially among girls. Only physical inactivity rates were higher among Roma girls. A challenge in health promotion among Roma is to maintain their relatively low substance use and to promote physical activity.
罗姆人通常被描述为生活方式不健康，例如饮食不健康、吸烟频繁、饮酒过量、缺乏身体活动。然而，关于罗姆青少年此类危及健康行为的数据稀缺且质量较差。我们的研究目的是评估斯洛伐克罗姆青少年与非罗姆青少年相比，存在危及健康行为的发生情况，并评估父母教育和社会期望对所发现差异的影响。
在斯洛伐克东部的隔离定居点中进行了一项针对罗姆（n=330；平均年龄 14.50 岁；访谈）和非罗姆青少年（n=722；平均年龄 14.86 岁；问卷调查）的横断面研究。使用逻辑回归分别分析了种族和父母教育对男孩和女孩吸烟、酗酒、吸毒和身体活动的影响，并调整了社会期望。
在女孩中，罗姆青少年吸烟、酗酒和吸毒的比例低于非罗姆青少年（与非罗姆青少年相比，比值比为 0.14 至 0.60），但身体活动不活跃的比例较高。在男孩中，罗姆青少年吸毒的比例较低（比值比 0.12，95%可信区间 0.03 至 0.46）；其他危及健康的行为差异较小且无统计学意义。父母教育和社会期望的影响较小。
与证据稀缺相反，罗姆青少年滥用药物的比例较低，尤其是女孩。只有罗姆女孩的身体活动不活跃率较高。罗姆人健康促进的一个挑战是保持他们相对较低的物质使用和促进身体活动。
