Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072, Belarus.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2009 Oct;74(10):1070-9. doi: 10.1134/s0006297909100022.
Dendrimers are a new class of nanocomposite materials. They are branching polymers whose structure is formed by monomeric subunit branches diverging to all sides from a central nucleus. The type of nucleus, attached monomers, and functional groups can be chosen during synthesis, which produces dendrimers of definite size, shape, density, polarity, branch mobility, and solubility. This review deals with problems of dendrimer molecular structures and capability of in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and in situ transfection of genetic material. Advantages and shortcomings of different types of dendrimers in this respect are discussed.
树枝状聚合物是一类新型的纳米复合材料。它们是支化聚合物，其结构由单体支链从中心核向各个方向发散形成。在合成过程中可以选择核、连接单体和官能团的类型，从而产生具有确定大小、形状、密度、极性、支化移动性和溶解度的树枝状聚合物。这篇综述涉及树枝状聚合物分子结构和体外、体内、离体和原位转染遗传物质的能力的问题。讨论了不同类型树枝状聚合物在这方面的优缺点。
