Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, and BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Psychol Med. 2010 Sep;40(9):1423-31. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709991875. Epub 2009 Nov 17.
Schizotypy is conceptualized as a subclinical manifestation of the same underlying biological factors that give rise to schizophrenia and other schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Individuals with psychometric schizotypy (PS) experience subthreshold psychotic signs and can be psychometrically identified among the general population. Previous research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown gray-matter volume (GMV) abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia, in subjects with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) and in individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). However, to date, no studies have investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of PS.
Six hundred first- and second-year university students completed the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), a self-report instrument on psychosis proneness measuring attenuated positive psychotic experiences. A total of 38 subjects with high and low PS were identified and subsequently scanned with MRI. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was applied to examine GMV differences between subjects with high and low positive PS.
Subjects with high positive PS showed larger global volumes compared to subjects with low PS, and larger regional volumes in the medial posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the precuneus. There were no regions where GMV was greater in low than in high positive PS subjects.
These regions, the PCC and precuneus, have also been sites of volumetric differences in MRI studies of ARMS subjects and schizophrenia, suggesting that psychotic or psychotic-like experiences may have common neuroanatomical correlates across schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
精神分裂症特质被概念化为导致精神分裂症和其他精神分裂症谱系障碍的相同潜在生物学因素的亚临床表现。具有心理精神分裂症特质（PS）的个体经历亚临床精神病迹象，可以在普通人群中通过心理测量学识别。先前使用磁共振成像（MRI）的研究表明，慢性精神分裂症、处于高危精神状态（ARMS）的受试者和精神分裂型人格障碍（SPD）个体存在灰质体积（GMV）异常。然而，迄今为止，尚无研究调查 PS 的神经解剖学相关性。
600 名大一和大二的大学生完成了精神病经验社区评估（CAPE），这是一种衡量减弱阳性精神病经验倾向的精神病易感性的自我报告工具。共确定了 38 名 PS 高和低的受试者，并随后进行 MRI 扫描。体素基于形态学（VBM）用于检查高和低阳性 PS 受试者之间的 GMV 差异。
与低 PS 受试者相比，高 PS 受试者的全脑体积更大，内侧后扣带回（PCC）和楔前叶的局部体积更大。在低 PS 受试者中 GMV 大于高 PS 受试者的区域没有。
这些区域，即 PCC 和楔前叶，也是 ARMS 受试者和精神分裂症 MRI 研究中体积差异的部位，这表明精神病或类似精神病的体验可能在精神分裂症谱系障碍中有共同的神经解剖学相关性。
