Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Millitary Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
Int J Prosthodont. 2009 Nov-Dec;22(6):607-15.
A nonlinear finite element method was applied to examine the effects of implant diameter and length on the maximum von Mises stresses in the jaw, and to evaluate the maximum displacement of the implant-abutment complex in immediate-loading models.
The implant diameter (D) ranged from 3.0 to 5.0 mm and implant length (L) ranged from 6.0 to 16.0 mm.
The results showed that the maximum von Mises stress in cortical bone was decreased by 65.8% under a buccolingual load with an increase in D. In cancellous bone, it was decreased by 71.5% under an axial load with an increase in L. The maximum displacement in the implant-abutment complex decreased by 64.8% under a buccolingual load with an increase in D. The implant was found to be more sensitive to L than to D under axial loads, while D played a more important role in enhancing its stability under buccolingual loads.
When D exceeded 4.0 mm and L exceeded 11.0 mm, both minimum stress and displacement were obtained. Therefore, these dimensions were the optimal biomechanical selections for immediate-loading implants in type B/2 bone.
应用非线性有限元方法研究种植体直径和长度对颌骨中最大 von Mises 应力的影响，并评估即刻加载模型中种植体-基台复合体的最大位移。
种植体直径（D）范围为 3.0 至 5.0 毫米，种植体长度（L）范围为 6.0 至 16.0 毫米。
结果表明，颊舌向载荷下，随着 D 的增加，皮质骨中的最大 von Mises 应力降低了 65.8%。轴向载荷下，随着 L 的增加，松质骨中的最大 von Mises 应力降低了 71.5%。颊舌向载荷下，随着 D 的增加，种植体-基台复合体的最大位移降低了 64.8%。轴向载荷下，种植体对 L 的敏感性大于对 D 的敏感性，而 D 在增强颊舌向载荷下的稳定性方面发挥着更重要的作用。
当 D 超过 4.0 毫米且 L 超过 11.0 毫米时，可获得最小的应力和位移。因此，这些尺寸是 B/2 型骨中即刻加载种植体的最佳生物力学选择。
