Optics and Visual Assessment Laboratory (OVAL), Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, U. S. A.
J Glaucoma. 1994 Summer;3 Suppl 1:S32-44.
This article reviews the histopathologic and psychophysical evidence for selective losses to specific subpopulations of optic nerve fibers in glaucoma. Based on this evaluation, the degree to which these losses are selective is drawn into question, and a distinction is drawn between selective tests and selective losses. An alternative hypothesis for early detection of functional losses in glaucoma, the reduced redundancy hypothesis, is presented. This concept takes into account the redundancy or sampling characteristics of specific subpopulations of optic nerve fibers, as well as the relative amount of glaucomatous loss incurred by each optic nerve fiber subpopulation. An example is presented in which an undersampled subpopulation of optic nerve fibers with minimal redundancy is better able to reveal early losses, even though there are greater amounts of relative loss for other optic nerve fiber subpopulations. The design of psychophysical tests for early detection of functional losses in glaucoma should take into account both the relative amounts of loss for various subpopulations of optic nerve fibers and their inherent redundancy or sampling properties.
本文综述了青光眼导致特定视神经纤维亚群选择性损失的组织病理学和心理物理学证据。基于此评估，对这些损失的选择性提出了质疑，并对选择性测试和选择性损失进行了区分。提出了青光眼功能丧失早期检测的另一种假设，即减少冗余假设。这个概念考虑了特定视神经纤维亚群的冗余或采样特征，以及每个视神经纤维亚群发生的青光眼损失的相对量。本文提出了一个示例，其中具有最小冗余的采样不足的视神经纤维亚群能够更好地揭示早期损失，即使对于其他视神经纤维亚群，相对损失量更大。用于早期检测青光眼功能丧失的心理物理学测试的设计应考虑到各种视神经纤维亚群的相对损失量及其固有的冗余或采样特性。
