USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 2009 Dec;92(12):6033-45. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2498.
The objectives were to quantify and size ambient aerosolized dust in and around the facilities of 4 southern High Plains dairies of New Mexico and to determine where health of workers might be vulnerable to particulate aerosols, based on aerosol concentrations that exceed national air quality standards. Ambient dust air samples were collected upwind (background) and downwind of 3 dairy location sites (loafing pen boundary, commodity, and compost field). The indoor milking parlor, a fourth site, was monitored immediately upwind and downwind. Aerosolized particulate samples were collected using high-volume sequential reference air samplers, laser aerosol monitors, and cyclone air samplers. The overall (main effects and estimable interactions) statistical general linear model statement for particulate matter (PM(10); particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 10 microm) and PM(2.5) resulted in a greater mean concentration of dust in the winter (PM(10) = 97.4 +/- 4.4 microg/m(3); PM(2.5) = 32.6 +/- 2.6 microg/m(3)) compared with the summer (PM(10) = 71.9 +/- 5.0 microg/m(3); PM(2.5) = 18.1 +/- 1.2 microg/m(3)). The upwind and downwind boundary PM(10) concentrations were significantly higher in the winter (upwind = 64.3 +/- 9.5 microg/m(3); downwind = 119.8 +/- 13.0 microg/m(3)) compared with the summer (upwind = 35.2 +/- 7.5 microg/m(3); downwind = 66.8 +/- 11.8 microg/m(3)). The milking parlor PM(10) and PM(2.5) concentration data were significantly higher in the winter (PM(10) = 119.5 +/- 5.8 microg/m(3); PM(2.5) = 55.3 +/- 5.8microg/m(3)) compared with the summer (PM(10) = 88.6.0 +/- 5.8 microg/m(3); PM(2.5) = 21.0 +/- 2.1 microg/m(3)). Personnel should be protected from high aerosol concentrations found at the commodity barn, compost field, and milking parlor during the winter.
目的是量化和确定新墨西哥州南部 4 个大平原奶牛场设施内外的环境气溶胶化尘埃的大小，并根据超过国家空气质量标准的气溶胶浓度，确定工人的健康可能容易受到颗粒物气溶胶的影响。采集了上风（背景）和下风（3 个奶牛场位置：畜栏边界、商品和堆肥场）的环境灰尘空气样本。第四个地点，室内挤奶厅，立即在上风和下风处进行监测。使用大容量连续参考空气采样器、激光气溶胶监测仪和旋风空气采样器收集气溶胶化颗粒物样本。颗粒物（PM10；空气动力学直径达 10 微米的颗粒物）和 PM2.5 的总体（主效应和可估计相互作用）统计通用线性模型陈述导致冬季灰尘的平均浓度更高（PM10 = 97.4 ± 4.4 µg/m3；PM2.5 = 32.6 ± 2.6 µg/m3），而夏季（PM10 = 71.9 ± 5.0 µg/m3；PM2.5 = 18.1 ± 1.2 µg/m3）。冬季的上风和下风边界 PM10 浓度明显更高（上风 = 64.3 ± 9.5 µg/m3；下风 = 119.8 ± 13.0 µg/m3），而夏季（上风 = 35.2 ± 7.5 µg/m3；下风 = 66.8 ± 11.8 µg/m3）。冬季挤奶厅 PM10 和 PM2.5 浓度数据明显更高（PM10 = 119.5 ± 5.8 µg/m3；PM2.5 = 55.3 ± 5.8µg/m3），而夏季（PM10 = 88.6.0 ± 5.8 µg/m3；PM2.5 = 21.0 ± 2.1 µg/m3）。冬季，人员应在商品仓、堆肥场和挤奶厅避免高气溶胶浓度。
