Giuseffi V, Wall M, Siegel P Z, Rojas P B
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.
Neurology. 1991 Feb;41(2 ( Pt 1)):239-44. doi: 10.1212/wnl.41.2_part_1.239.
To identify the symptoms and coexisting medical conditions associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), we administered an 83-item questionnaire at the time of diagnosis to 50 IIH patients and 100 aged-matched controls. Ninety percent of the IIH patients were women; the mean age was 33. Obesity and recent weight gain were much more common among patients than controls. Symptoms most commonly reported by IIH patients were headache (94%), transient visual obscurations (TVO) (68%), and intracranial noises (ICN) (58%). Daily occurrence of these symptoms was much more common among patients than controls. Controls also reported these and other IIH symptoms, but at lower frequencies. Several conditions previously associated with IIH were no more common in patients than controls including iron deficiency anemia, thyroid disease, pregnancy, antibiotic intake, and use of oral contraceptives. We conclude that previous studies of IIH, mostly uncontrolled and retrospective, have underestimated the frequency of symptoms in IIH patients and reported chance and spurious associations with common medical conditions and medications. The profile of a young obese woman with headaches and either TVO or ICN should alert the clinician to the diagnosis of IIH, especially when the symptoms occur daily.
为了确定与特发性颅内高压（IIH）相关的症状及并存的内科疾病，我们在诊断时对50例IIH患者和100例年龄匹配的对照者进行了一项包含83个条目的问卷调查。IIH患者中90%为女性，平均年龄为33岁。肥胖和近期体重增加在患者中比对照者更为常见。IIH患者最常报告的症状为头痛（94%）、短暂性视力模糊（TVO）（68%）和颅内杂音（ICN）（58%）。这些症状的每日发作在患者中比对照者更为常见。对照者也报告了这些及其他IIH症状，但频率较低。先前与IIH相关的几种情况在患者中并不比对照者更常见，包括缺铁性贫血、甲状腺疾病、妊娠、抗生素摄入和口服避孕药的使用。我们得出结论，先前对IIH的研究大多无对照且为回顾性研究，低估了IIH患者症状的发生率，并报告了与常见内科疾病和药物的偶然及虚假关联。一名年轻肥胖女性出现头痛以及TVO或ICN的情况应提醒临床医生考虑IIH的诊断，尤其是当症状每日发作时。
