National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, 1600 Clifton Road N.E., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Vaccine. 2009 Nov 27;27(51):7141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.029.
After exposure, human rabies is preventable by prompt application of post-exposure prophylaxis. Historically, the total number of rabies vaccine doses administered during human prophylaxis has decreased, as modern biologics have improved and scientific knowledge has grown. A review of the literature on rabies virus pathogenesis, experimental animal studies, clinical trials, epidemiological surveillance, and economic analyses was conducted to determine the potential utility of reducing the current 5-dose intramuscular series of human rabies vaccine administered in the United States. Based upon the available evidence, a reduced schedule of cell-culture rabies vaccine, administered on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, given in conjunction with rabies immune globulin, was supported and recommended by the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
人狂犬病可通过及时应用暴露后预防来预防。从历史上看，随着现代生物制品的改进和科学知识的增长，人用狂犬病预防接种的总疫苗剂量有所减少。对狂犬病病毒发病机制、实验动物研究、临床试验、流行病学监测和经济分析的文献进行了回顾，以确定减少目前在美国使用的 5 剂肌内人用狂犬病疫苗系列的潜在效用。根据现有证据，美国免疫实践咨询委员会支持并推荐使用狂犬病细胞培养疫苗，在 0、3、7 和 14 天进行免疫，并与狂犬病免疫球蛋白联合使用，以此作为简化的免疫程序。
