Centre for Food-borne & Animal Parasitology, Saskatoon Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 Feb 26;168(1-2):78-83. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.012. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
A survey of wild carnivores in Canada was conducted over a 10-year period to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Trichinella. Muscle samples collected from 1409 animals representing 15 hosts species were enzymatically digested to recover Trichinella larvae. Larvae were recovered from a total of 287 (20.4%) animals and PCR identified four genotypes of Trichinella. Trichinella nativa was found in 5 host species and was the most commonly found genotype. Trichinella T6 was present in 7 species of carnivores, and coyote and badger are new host records for this genotype. The recovery of T. pseudospiralis and T. murrelli from cougars is the first documentation of these species in Canada and in cougars. The cougar was also the only host species in which all four genotypes of Trichinella were identified. Black bears and walruses had the highest tissue levels of larvae in this study and are also the species most frequently associated with human trichinellosis in Canada. This work identifies additional host species and expanded geographic ranges for 4 genotypes of Trichinella in North America. Failure to demonstrate T. spiralis in wildlife and continued negative results from ongoing surveillance activities in swine provide additional evidence that T. spiralis is not present in Canada.
对加拿大野生食肉动物进行了为期 10 年的调查，以确定旋毛虫的流行率和基因型。从代表 15 个宿主物种的 1409 只动物中采集肌肉样本，用酶消化法回收旋毛虫幼虫。从总共 287 只（20.4%）动物中回收幼虫，并通过 PCR 鉴定出 4 种旋毛虫基因型。在 5 种宿主物种中发现了本地旋毛虫，是最常见的基因型。T6 旋毛虫存在于 7 种食肉动物中，郊狼和獾是这种基因型的新宿主记录。从美洲狮中回收的假旋毛虫和旋毛虫是这些物种在加拿大和美洲狮中首次被记录。美洲狮也是唯一一种确定了所有 4 种旋毛虫基因型的宿主物种。在本研究中，黑熊和海象的幼虫组织水平最高，也是加拿大与人类旋毛虫病最常相关的物种。这项工作确定了北美 4 种旋毛虫基因型的更多宿主物种和扩展的地理范围。在野生动物中未能证明存在旋毛虫，以及正在进行的猪监测活动持续呈阴性结果，进一步证明加拿大不存在旋毛虫。
