De Groot V
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 2009(312):43-51.
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea during sleep. Mechanical upper airway obstruction is by far the most frequent form of SAS, and is named obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Besides giving rise to a reduced quality of life, OSA is associated with important cardiovascular morbidity and mortality if left untreated. OSA has also been associated with several ophthalmic manifestations. The purpose of this paper is to review the most important features of OSA, and to highlight the ophthalmic abnormalities recognized in these patients. Ophthalmologists should be familiar with the possibility of sleep disorders in their patients as the cause of certain eye pathologies. The ophthalmologist can often identify a patient with OSA and refer him for a sleep study. Sleep physicians, on the other hand, should be alert for the possibility of eye disorders, inform their patients and refer them for a check up.
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（SAS）的特征是睡眠期间反复出现呼吸暂停发作。机械性上气道阻塞是SAS最常见的形式，被称为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）。除了导致生活质量下降外，如果不治疗，OSA还与重要的心血管疾病发病率和死亡率相关。OSA还与多种眼科表现有关。本文的目的是回顾OSA的最重要特征，并强调在这些患者中识别出的眼科异常。眼科医生应熟悉患者睡眠障碍作为某些眼部疾病病因的可能性。眼科医生通常可以识别出OSA患者并将其转诊进行睡眠研究。另一方面，睡眠科医生应警惕眼部疾病的可能性，告知患者并将其转诊进行检查。
