Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Apr;103(7):939-43. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509992819. Epub 2009 Nov 24.
Consumption of simple carbohydrates has markedly increased over the past decades, and may be involved in the increased prevalence in metabolic diseases. Whether an increased intake of fructose is specifically related to a dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism remains controversial. We therefore compared the effects of hypercaloric diets enriched with fructose (HFrD) or glucose (HGlcD) in healthy men. Eleven subjects were studied in a randomised order after 7 d of the following diets: (1) weight maintenance, control diet; (2) HFrD (3.5 g fructose/kg fat-free mass (ffm) per d, +35 % energy intake); (3) HGlcD (3.5 g glucose/kg ffm per d, +35 % energy intake). Fasting hepatic glucose output (HGO) was measured with 6,6-2H2-glucose. Intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCL) and intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were measured by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Both fructose and glucose increased fasting VLDL-TAG (HFrD: +59 %, P < 0.05; HGlcD: +31 %, P = 0.11) and IHCL (HFrD: +52 %, P < 0.05; HGlcD: +58 %, P = 0.06). HGO increased after both diets (HFrD: +5 %, P < 0.05; HGlcD: +5 %, P = 0.05). No change was observed in fasting glycaemia, insulin and alanine aminotransferase concentrations. IMCL increased significantly only after the HGlcD (HFrD: +24 %, NS; HGlcD: +59 %, P < 0.05). IHCL and VLDL-TAG were not different between hypercaloric HFrD and HGlcD, but were increased compared to values observed with a weight maintenance diet. However, glucose led to a higher increase in IMCL than fructose.
在过去几十年中，简单碳水化合物的消耗明显增加，这可能与代谢性疾病的患病率增加有关。摄入更多的果糖是否与葡萄糖和脂质代谢的失调特别相关仍存在争议。因此，我们比较了富含果糖（HFrD）或葡萄糖（HGlcD）的高热量饮食对健康男性的影响。在以下饮食中的第 7 天，11 名受试者按随机顺序进行研究：（1）维持体重，对照饮食；（2）HFrD（每天 3.5 克果糖/无脂肪质量（ffm），+35%能量摄入）；（3）HGlcD（每天 3.5 克葡萄糖/无脂肪质量（ffm），+35%能量摄入）。用 6,6-2H2-葡萄糖测量空腹肝葡萄糖输出（HGO）。通过 1H 磁共振波谱测量肝细胞内脂质（IHCL）和肌细胞内脂质（IMCL）。果糖和葡萄糖均使空腹 VLDL-TAG 增加（HFrD：+59%，P<0.05；HGlcD：+31%，P=0.11）和 IHCL（HFrD：+52%，P<0.05；HGlcD：+58%，P=0.06）。两种饮食后 HGO 均增加（HFrD：+5%，P<0.05；HGlcD：+5%，P=0.05）。空腹血糖、胰岛素和丙氨酸氨基转移酶浓度无变化。仅在 HGlcD 后 IMCL 显著增加（HFrD：+24%，NS；HGlcD：+59%，P<0.05）。与维持体重的饮食相比，高卡路里的 HFrD 和 HGlcD 并未导致 IHCL 和 VLDL-TAG 不同，但均增加。然而，与果糖相比，葡萄糖导致 IMCL 增加更多。
