Unidad de Biología Celular y Molecular, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia.
Fungal Genet Biol. 2010 Apr;47(4):373-80. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2009.11.005. Epub 2009 Nov 20.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis has been classified in the phylum Ascomycota, order Onygenales, family Ajellomycetaceae, even in the absence of a known sexual cycle or mating system. The objective of this work was to determine the presence of the mating type locus in 71 P. brasiliensis isolates from various sources. A PCR assay using specific primers for the MAT 1 gene was developed and applied for the detection of such genes. Two heterothallic groups (MAT1-1 or MAT1-2) were recognized and, in some isolates, gene expression was confirmed indicating the existence of a basal gene expression. The distribution of two mating type loci in the studied population suggested that sexual reproduction might occur in P. brasiliensis. This finding points towards the possibility of applying a more precise definition of the concept of biological species to P. brasiliensis. Further studies should be conducted to confirm the sexual capacity of this fungus and its implications among phylogenetic species and geographical distribution.
巴西副球孢子菌被归类为子囊菌门、小煤炱目、丛赤壳科，即使在没有已知的有性周期或交配系统的情况下也是如此。本工作的目的是确定 71 株来自不同来源的巴西副球孢子菌分离株中交配型基因座的存在。开发了一种使用 MAT1 基因特异性引物的 PCR 检测方法，并应用于检测这些基因。鉴定出了两个异宗配合的群体（MAT1-1 或 MAT1-2），并且在一些分离株中，基因表达得到了确认，表明存在基础基因表达。在研究人群中两个交配型基因座的分布表明，巴西副球孢子菌可能发生有性繁殖。这一发现表明，有可能对巴西副球孢子菌的生物种概念采用更精确的定义。应该进行进一步的研究，以确认该真菌的有性繁殖能力及其在系统发育种和地理分布中的意义。
