Hauptmann Michael, Stewart Patricia A, Lubin Jay H, Beane Freeman Laura E, Hornung Richard W, Herrick Robert F, Hoover Robert N, Fraumeni Joseph F, Blair Aaron, Hayes Richard B
Department of Bioinformatics and Statistics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Dec 16;101(24):1696-708. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djp416.
Excess mortality from lymphohematopoietic malignancies, in particular myeloid leukemia, and brain cancer has been found in surveys of anatomists, pathologists, and funeral industry workers, all of whom may have worked with formaldehyde. We investigated the relation of mortality to work practices and formaldehyde exposure levels among these professionals to address cancer risk in the funeral industry.
Professionals employed in the funeral industry who died between January 1, 1960, and January 1, 1986, from lymphohematopoietic malignancies (n = 168) or brain tumors (n = 48) (ie, case subjects) were compared with deceased matched control subjects (n = 265) with regard to lifetime work practices and exposures in the funeral industry, which were obtained by interviews with next of kin and coworkers, and to estimated levels of formaldehyde exposure. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by use of logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Mortality from myeloid leukemia increased statistically significantly with increasing number of years of embalming (P for trend = .020) and with increasing peak formaldehyde exposure (P for trend = .036). Compared with subjects who performed fewer than 500 lifetime embalmings, mortality from myeloid leukemia was elevated among those who performed embalmings for more than 34 years (OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.2 to 12.5, P = .024), who performed more than 3068 embalmings (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.0 to 9.2, P = .057), and those whose estimated cumulative formaldehyde exposure exceeded 9253 parts per million-hours (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.0 to 9.6, P = .047). These exposures were not related to other lymphohematopoietic malignancies or to brain cancer.
Duration of embalming practice and related formaldehyde exposures in the funeral industry were associated with statistically significantly increased risk for mortality from myeloid leukemia.
在解剖学家、病理学家和殡葬行业工作者的调查中发现，淋巴造血系统恶性肿瘤，尤其是髓系白血病和脑癌的超额死亡率较高，这些人都可能接触过甲醛。我们调查了这些专业人员的死亡率与工作习惯和甲醛暴露水平之间的关系，以探讨殡葬行业的癌症风险。
将1960年1月1日至1986年1月1日期间死于淋巴造血系统恶性肿瘤（n = 168）或脑肿瘤（n = 48）（即病例受试者）的殡葬行业从业人员与已故的匹配对照受试者（n = 265）在殡葬行业的终身工作习惯和暴露情况方面进行比较，这些信息通过与近亲及同事的访谈获得，并与估计的甲醛暴露水平进行比较。使用逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。所有统计检验均为双侧检验。
髓系白血病死亡率随着尸体防腐年限的增加（趋势P = 0.020）和甲醛暴露峰值的增加（趋势P = 0.036）而在统计学上显著增加。与终身进行少于500次尸体防腐的受试者相比，进行超过34年尸体防腐的受试者（OR = 3.9，95% CI = 1.2至12.5，P = 0.024）、进行超过3068次尸体防腐的受试者（OR = 3.0，95% CI = 1.0至9.2，P = 0.057）以及估计累积甲醛暴露超过9253 ppm - 小时的受试者（OR = 3.1；95% CI = 1.0至9.6，P = 0.047）的髓系白血病死亡率升高。这些暴露与其他淋巴造血系统恶性肿瘤或脑癌无关。
殡葬行业尸体防腐工作的持续时间及相关甲醛暴露与髓系白血病死亡率的统计学显著增加风险相关。
