Eto Hitomi, Suga Hirotaka, Matsumoto Daisuke, Inoue Keita, Aoi Noriyuki, Kato Harunosuke, Araki Jun, Yoshimura Kotaro
Tokyo, Japan From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Tokyo School of Medicine.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Oct;124(4):1087-1097. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181b5a3f1.
Adipose tissue is an easily accessible tissue for use as a soft-tissue filler and source of adult multipotent cells, called adipose-derived stem/stromal/progenitor cells. However, many aspects of its anatomy remain unclear because of the fragile structure of adipocytes and adipose tissue.
Aspirated (n = 15) or intact (n = 9) subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were evaluated by (1) whole-mount histology with triple-fluorescence staining for three-dimensional visualization of living adipose tissue, (2) glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase assay, (3) multicolor flow cytometry (CD34, CD31, and CD45), and (4) adherent cell culture of stromal vascular fraction cells for viable adipose-derived stromal cell yield.
Whole-mount histology revealed the presence of a capillary network running alongside adipocytes, which was partly disrupted in aspirated adipose tissues. Aspirated adipose tissue also lacked large vasculature structures and showed significantly larger numbers of small lipid droplets (ruptured adipocytes) (p = 0.00016) and dead cells (p = 0.0038) compared with excised adipose tissue. Adipocyte number was less than 20 percent of total cellularity, and vasculature-associated cells, including endothelial cells and adipose-derived stromal cells, constituted over one-half of total cells in both intact and aspirated adipose tissue. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase assay suggested that greater than 30 percent and 5 percent of adipocytes were ruptured in aspirated and excised adipose tissue, respectively (p = 0.032). Multicolor flow cytometric analysis indicated a much higher percentage of blood-derived cells (CD45+) contaminated in aspirated adipose tissue (p = 0.0038), and adipose-derived stromal cell yield in aspirated adipose tissue was approximately one-half that in excised tissue (p = 0.011).
The authors' results indicate the differential structure and cellular composition of the two tissues, and significant tissue damage and progenitor yield deficiency in aspirated adipose tissue.
脂肪组织是一种易于获取的组织，可作为软组织填充剂和成年多能细胞的来源，这些细胞被称为脂肪来源的干细胞/基质细胞/祖细胞。然而，由于脂肪细胞和脂肪组织的结构脆弱，其解剖学的许多方面仍不清楚。
对抽吸的（n = 15）或完整的（n = 9）皮下脂肪组织样本进行了以下评估：（1）采用三重荧光染色的整装组织学方法，对活脂肪组织进行三维可视化；（2）甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶测定；（3）多色流式细胞术（检测CD34、CD31和CD45）；（4）对基质血管成分细胞进行贴壁细胞培养，以获得有活力的脂肪来源基质细胞产量。
整装组织学显示，存在一个与脂肪细胞并行的毛细血管网络，在抽吸的脂肪组织中该网络部分被破坏。与切除的脂肪组织相比，抽吸的脂肪组织也缺乏大的脉管系统结构，并且显示出明显更多的小脂滴（破裂的脂肪细胞）（p = 0.00016）和死细胞（p = 0.0038）。脂肪细胞数量不到细胞总数的20%，在完整和抽吸的脂肪组织中，包括内皮细胞和脂肪来源基质细胞在内的脉管系统相关细胞占细胞总数的一半以上。甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶测定表明，抽吸的和切除的脂肪组织中分别有超过30%和5%的脂肪细胞破裂（p = ）。多色流式细胞术分析表明，抽吸的脂肪组织中污染的血液来源细胞（CD45+）百分比要高得多（p = 0.0038），并且抽吸的脂肪组织中脂肪来源基质细胞产量约为切除组织中的一半（p = 0.011）。
作者的结果表明了这两种组织的结构和细胞组成存在差异，以及抽吸的脂肪组织存在明显的组织损伤和祖细胞产量不足。
